高压磨料水射流切割破碎岩石的单轴力学特征研究  

Uniaxial mechanical characteristics of rocks cut and crushed by high-pressure abrasive water jet

作　　者：黄飞[1,2,3] 赵志旗 李树清 刘勇 徐志任[2] 龙港 HUANG Fei;ZHAO Zhiqi;LI Shuqing;LIU Yong;XU Zhiren;LONG Gang(Work Safety Key Lab on Prevention and Control of Gas and Roof Disaster for Southern Coal Mines,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;College of Resource&Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;State Key Lab Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学南方煤矿瓦斯与顶板灾害预防控制安全生产重点实验室,湖南湘潭411201 [2]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [3]河南理工大学河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室—省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第17期128-134,237,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52274198);湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2022JJ30252);河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室—省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地开放基金项目(WS2021A02)。

摘　　要：高压磨料水射流切割破碎后岩石的力学参数变化对于岩石的进一步破碎具有重要的影响。选取了砂岩、灰岩与花岗岩在水射流切割平台上开展了磨料射流冲击切割试验,对切割后的岩石进行CT扫描并重构岩石在不同冲击切割条件下的三维破碎形态,最后通过单轴压缩试验对比分析了岩石试件在磨料射流冲击切割前后的力学响应特征。研究结果表明:①在相同的射流参数条件下,岩石在磨料射流的移动切割下大多出现较为规整的缝槽形态,而定点冲击则出现孔洞破碎形态,前者比后者在岩石内部造成的损伤破碎程度更大;②磨料射流的冲击切割作用导致岩石试件在单轴压缩过程中出现折断型破碎形态的概率增加,且这种增加趋势随着切割长度的增加而愈加显著,但切割作用几乎不改变岩石试件的应力应变趋势;③岩石试件的单轴抗压强度与泊松比随切割长度与射流压力的增加呈现近似线性降低的趋势。该研究结果可为高压磨料水射流煤层割缝卸压的工程应用提供一定的理论指导。Changes in mechanical parameters of rocks after high-pressure abrasive water jet cutting and crushing have an important impact on further crushing of rocks.Here,sandstone,limestone,and granite were selected for abrasive jet impact cutting tests on a water jet cutting platform.CT scans were performed for cut rocks and 3-D crushing morphologies of rocks under different impact cutting conditions were reconstructed.Finally,mechanical response characteristics of rock specimens before and after abrasive jet impact cutting were analyzed contrastively with uniaxial compression tests.The study results showed that①under the condition of the same jet parameters,relatively regular slot morphology appears on most rocks under moving cutting of abrasive jets,while fixed point impact causes opening or hole crushing morphology to appear on rocks,the former causes larger degree of damage and crushing inside rock than the latter does;②the impact cutting effect of abrasive jet leads to increase in the probability of wreckage type crushing morphology of rock specimens in process of uniaxial compression,and this increasing trend is more significant with increase in cutting length,but the cutting action hardly changes stress and strain trends of rock specimens;③uniaxial compressive intensity and Poisson’s ratio of rock specimens exhibit an approximately linear decrease trend with increase in cutting length and jet pressure;the study results can provide a certain theoretical guidance for engineering application of high-pressure abrasive water jet in coal layer’s cutting seam and pressure relief.

关 键 词：磨料射流 破碎形态 CT扫描 单轴压缩 力学特征 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论]