黄河三门峡库区浮游植物群落结构空间分布特征及多样性  

Study on Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Diversity of Phytoplankton Community Structure in Sanmenxia Reservoir of the Yellow River

作　　者：单凯 马红亮 周子俊 娄广艳 黄玉芳 SHAN Kai;MA Hongliang;ZHOU Zijun;LOU Guangyan;HUANG Yufang(Yellow River Water Resources Protection Institute,Zhengzhou 450004,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水资源保护科学研究院,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《人民黄河》2023年第10期78-83,89,共7页Yellow River

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(201300311400);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFCO404401);中央行政事业类项目(126201690000190001)。

摘　　要：三门峡水库是重要饮用水源地,为了解黄河三门峡水库浮游植物情况,揭示水库修建与运用对浮游植物群落特征的影响,进而判定其富营养化风险,于2019年7—8月、2020年6—7月对该库区不同河段(自然河道段、过渡段、库区段)的浮游植物群落结构进行研究,计算了浮游植物组成、密度、生物量、Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数等。结果表明:三门峡库区浮游植物共6门39种,群落组成以硅藻占绝对优势,其次为绿藻、蓝藻;浮游植物密度、生物量、Margalef丰富度指数在不同河段均呈现显著空间异质性,三门峡水库修建与运行显著改变了浮游植物群落特征;三门峡库区水体总体为中营养,其中自然河道段为贫营养,过渡段和库区段均为中营养。Sanmenxia Reservoir is an important source of drinking water.In order to understand the situation of phytoplankton in the Sanme-nxia Reservoir,reveal the impact of reservoir construction and operation on the characteristics of phytoplankton community and then determine its eutrophication risk,the phytoplankton community structure in three different sections of reservoir area(natural channel section,transitional section and reservoir section)was studied from July to August 2019 and from June to July 2020,mainly including phytoplankton composition,density,biomass,Margalef species richness index,Shannon-Wiener species diversity index and Pielou species evenness index.The results show that 39 species of phytoplankton,which are affiliated to 6 phyla,are detected in Sanmenxia Reservoir,with Bacillariophyta dominated,and followed by Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta.The phytoplankton density,biomass and Margalef species richness index are in-creased significantly from upstream to downstream of Sanmenxia Reservoir(from natural channel section to reservoir section),indicating that the construction and operation of Sanmenxia Reservoir have significantly changed the characteristics of phytoplankton community.Further-more,the trophic status of the reservoir is medium according to its total density of phytoplankton with natural channel section being poor,transitional section and reservoir section being medium.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 生物多样性 富营养化 三门峡库区 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]