静电纺聚醚酰胺纳米纤维膜的制备及其空气过滤性能  

Preparation of electrospun polyether-block-amide nanofibermembrane and its air filtration performance

作　　者：郭朝阳 陈江萍 吴仁香[1,2] 刘芳 钟鹭斌 郑煜铭[1,2] GUO Chaoyang;CHEN Jiangping;WU Renxiang;LIU Fang;ZHONG Lubin;ZHENG Yuming(Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,福建厦门361021 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期766-773,共8页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3702800);国家自然科学基金青年基金(52000167)。

摘　　要：酸性腐蚀和极端高低温等恶劣的实际应用环境下,常规的静电纺纳米纤维空气过滤膜存在易变形和失效等风险.本研究以耐化学腐蚀、耐高低温的嵌段共聚物聚醚酰胺(polyether-block-amide,Pebax)为原料,通过添加曲拉通表面活性剂调控纺丝液性质,制备了新型Pebax纳米纤维空气过滤膜,并系统探究了该滤膜的特性和空气过滤性能.结果表明:该Pebax纳米纤维的平均直径为(129±31)nm,在5.3 cm/s的风速测试条件下,对0.3μm空气颗粒物(PM_(0.3))的过滤效率高达98.37%,过滤阻力为100.67 Pa;该Pebax纳米纤维膜对细颗粒物的去除以物理过滤机制为主,即使经高低温老化处理后,过滤效率仅下降1.13个百分点;耐酸性腐蚀试验进一步验证了该Pebax纳米纤维膜具有良好的过滤稳定性.该静电纺Pebax纳米纤维膜可用于化工厂、燃煤电厂等产生的高温、酸性尾气中细颗粒物的过滤去除,具有良好的应用前景.The conventional electrospun nanofiber air filtration membranes would pose risks of deformation and failure when being applied in harsh environments such as acidic corrosion and extreme high or low temperatures.Polyether-block-amide(Pebax)has the characteristics of chemical resistance and is resistant to high and low temperature.In this study,a novel nanofiber membrane was successfully fabricated by using Pebax as raw material and by adjusting spinning solution through addition of Triton X-100 surfactant.The characteristics and air filtration performance of the filter membrane was systematically evaluated.The results showed that the average diameter of Pebax nanofiber membrane was(129±31)nm,and the filtration efficiency of PM_(0.3)was 98.37%and the filtration pressure drop was 100.67 Pa at an air flow rate of 5.3 cm/s.Importantly,the filtration mechanism of this membrane is based on physical interception,and the filtration efficiency only decreased by 1.13 percentage points after the treatment of high and low temperature aging.In addition,acid corrosion resistance test also showed that the Pebax nanofiber membrane has good filtration performance and stability.The Pebax nanofiber membrane exhibits considerable potential for the filtration and removal of particulate matter in high-temperature and acidic tail gas generated in chemical plants and power industry,etc.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 聚醚酰胺 纳米纤维 过滤性能 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]