病毒样颗粒自组装与解组装的动力学研究  

Kinetic study of self-assembly and disassembly of virus-like particles

作　　者：高远 邵先凯 陈玉清[1] 杨柳林[1] GAO Yuan;SHAO Xiankai;CHEN Yuqing;YANG Liulin(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期833-841,共9页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21971216);中央高校基本科研业务费(20720210007)。

摘　　要：豇豆褪绿斑驳病毒(cowpea chlorotic mottle virus,CCMV)的衣壳蛋白可自组装形成空心病毒样颗粒(virus-like particles,VLPs),并应用于构筑纳米容器或纳米反应器.为了探究其自组装与解组装的动力学机制和时间尺度,利用荧光光谱结合动态激光光散射研究了CCMV衣壳蛋白在无模板分子诱导时的自组装与解组装的动力学过程,获得其动力学方程,并明确了自组装与解组装的时间尺度在分钟级别.CCMV衣壳蛋白在pH=4.70~5.31条件下5 min内完成自组装,pH越低自组装速度越快.自组装过程可分为两个阶段:第一阶段遵循二级反应动力学,生成二聚体蛋白的寡聚体;第二阶段满足成核生长动力学模型,寡聚体进一步组装形成VLPs前体,最终形成完整的C CMV VLPs.在pH=7.60~8.62条件下解组装的时间尺度介于5~10 min之间,pH越高解组装速度越快.解组装过程中CCMV VLPs首先膨胀形成松散的组装结构,随后整体解散,满足二级反应动力学.对病毒衣壳蛋白自组装过程的深入了解有助于人们在时空间尺度精准调控其纳米容器和纳米反应器的构筑及功能.The capsid proteins of cowpea chlorosis mottled virus(CCMV)can self-assemble into hollow virus-like particles(VLPs)towards nanocontainers or nanoreactors.To explore the kinetic mechanisms and the time scale of the self-assembly and disassembly,the process of self-assembly and disassembly of CCMV capsid protein without template molecule was studied using fluorescence spectroscopy combined with dynamic laser light scattering.Kinetic equations were established,and the time scale of self-assembly and disassembly was determined at the level of minute.The self-assembly can complete in 5 min under the condition of pH=4.70-5.31,with lower pH resulting in faster assembly.The self-assembly process can be divided into two stages.The first stage follows the second-order reaction kinetics to form oligomers of dimer protein and the second stage meets the nucleation growth kinetic model.The oligomers are further assembled to form the VLPs precursors,and finally,the complete CCMV VLPs are formed.Under the condition of pH=7.60-8.62,the time scale of disassembly is from 5 to 10 min,with higher pH leading to faster disassembly.In the process of disassembly,CCMV VLPs are swollen first and then disassembled,which is consistent with the second-order reaction kinetics.The in-depth understanding of the viral capsid protein self-assembly process helps us to better regulate the construction and function of nanocontainers and nanoreactors on finer spatial and temporal scales.

关 键 词：病毒样颗粒 自组装 解组装 动力学 

分 类 号：O641[理学—物理化学]