基质施肥和截根对长蕊甜菜苗木生物量和光合色素的影响  

Effects of substrate fertilization and root cutting on biomass and photosynthetic pigments of Yunnanopilia longistaminea seedlings

作　　者：刘娴 李莲芳 王文俊 张合瑶 李小军 顾梦 周冬梅 侯海雄 李以菊 LIU Xian;LI Lianfang;WANG Wenjun;ZHANG Heyao;LI Xiaojun;GU Meng;ZHOU Dongmei;HOU Haixiong;LI Yijun(College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期873-880,共8页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0600504);西南林业大学预研项目(18210190)。

摘　　要：为了解基质施肥和截根对长蕊甜菜(Yunnanopilia longistaminea)生物量和光合色素的影响,采用正交试验设计方法开展施肥种类、施肥量和截根方式的3因素3水平研究,以获得最佳组合.结果表明,施肥和截根组合有效提高了苗木器官和全株生物量及光合色素质量分数.当苗龄为300 d时,处理组合的单株苗木根、干、叶和全株生物量分别为0.53~0.90 g,0.12~0.19 g,0.16~0.32 g和1.04~1.39 g;叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素质量分数分别为0.67~1.35 mg/g,0.32~1.02 mg/g,0.99~2.38 mg/g和0.11~0.33 mg/g;叶绿素a/b质量比值和类胡萝卜素/总叶绿素质量分数比值分别为1.33~2.78和0.11~0.19,处理组合间苗木生物量、光合色素质量分数及叶绿素a/b质量分数比值均具有显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)差异.基质施0.75 kg/m^(3)有机肥和容器外截根有利于光合色素合成,促进苗木生物量积累.主成分分析结果显示,3个主成分对苗木生物量和光合色素的累计贡献率达94.948%,其中叶生物量、全株生物量、叶绿素a质量分数、总叶绿素质量分数和叶绿素a/b质量分数比值是综合评价苗木生长状况的重要指标.综上,基质施肥和截根能有效提高长蕊甜菜苗木的生物量累积和光合色素合成,促进苗木生长,可作为生产实践中长蕊甜菜壮苗培育的参考.To understand the effects of substrate fertilization and root cutting on biomass and photosynthetic pigments of Yunnanopilia longistaminea seedlings and to obtain the best combination,the orthogonal experiment design was employed to implement the trial of three factors,i.e.,fertilizer type,fertilizer amount and root cutting method,with each factor containing three levels.The results showed that the biomass of root,stem,leaf and whole seedlings in the treatment combinations was 0.53-0.90 g,0.12-0.19 g,0.16-0.32 g and 1.04-1.39 g per seedling,respectively,for 300 d-old seedlings.The mass fractions of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll and carotenoids were 0.67-1.35 mg/g,0.32-1.02 mg/g,0.99-2.38 mg/g and 0.11-0.33 mg/g,respectively,and the chlorophyll a/b mass fraction ratio and the carotenoids/total chlorophyll mass fraction ratio were 1.33-2.78 and 0.11-0.19,respectively.There were significant differences(P<0.05 or P<0.01)in the biomass,the mass fractions of photosynthetic pigments and the chlorophyll a/b mass fraction ratio among the treatment combinations.The application of 0.75 kg/m^(3)organic fertilizer in the substrate and the root cutting outside the container could be advantageous to promote the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and the accumulation of seedlings'biomass.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the three principoal components to seedlings'biomass and photosynthetic pigments was 94.948%,in which,the biomass of leaf and total seedlings,the mass fractions of chlorophyll a,total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b mass fraction ratio could be important parameters for evaluating growth situation of the seedlings.Overall,substrate fertilization and root cutting could effectively improve the accumulation of biomass and the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments of Y.longistaminea seedlings,promote their growth,and could be used as a reference for the cultivation of Y.longistaminea seedlings in production practice.

关 键 词：长蕊甜菜 基质施肥 截根 生物量 光合色素 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S723.133[农业科学—林木遗传育种]