驾驶员BMI对肌肉疲劳度的影响研究  

Research on the Effect of Driver's BMI on Muscle Fatigue

作　　者：胡志刚[1] 梅明萱 孙诗章 HU Zhi-gang;MEI Ming-xuan;SUN Shi-zhang(Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学,西安710021

出　　处：《人类工效学》2023年第4期20-25,56,共7页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

摘　　要：目的探究在相同驾驶条件下,个体BMI差异对驾驶员肌肉疲劳累积的影响。方法采用对照试验对驾驶员不同BMI与腰背肌肉疲劳之间的关系进行研究。12名被试以标准驾驶姿势进行时长60 min的模拟驾驶,采集被试驾驶期间腰背部竖脊肌及背阔肌表面肌电信号MPF。试验从主观测评、客观数据两个维度入手,分析各被试BMI与表面肌电信号之间的关系,从而判断长时间驾驶状态下,驾驶员不同BMI对腰背部肌肉疲劳度是否具有显著性影响。结果两组肌肉MPF值与驾驶时间均呈现显著性负相关。3组不同被试组间背阔肌、竖脊肌MPF值存在显著性差异。两组肌肉MPF趋势变化图均表明BMI值越大,MPF值越早出现下降趋势,且竖脊肌MPF值波动明显>背阔肌。结论驾驶员BMI值越大,肌肉越早出现疲劳,且腰部竖脊肌比背部背阔肌更容易出现疲劳现象。研究结果可为驾驶疲劳个体差异问题研究、驾驶座椅设计及驾驶疲劳检测因素研究提供一定参考。Objective To investigate the effect of individual BMI differences on the accumulation of driver muscle fatigue under the same driving conditions.Methods The relationship between different BMI of drivers and low back muscle fatigue was experimentally studied by controlled experiments.Twelve participants conducted a 60-minute simulated driving in a standard driving position,and collected MPF of the electrical signals of the vertical spinal muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle in the lower back during the test driving.Starting from the two dimensions of subjective evaluation and objective data,the test analyzed the relationship between the BMI of each participant,so as to judge whether the different BMI of the driver had a significant impact on the fatigue of the low back muscles under the condition of long-term driving.Results The MPF values of both muscles showed a significant negative correlation with driving time.There were significant differences in the MPF values of latissimus dorsi and erector spinal muscles between the three different groups.The MPF trend patterns of both sets of muscles show that the larger the BMI value,the earlier the MPF value shows a downward trend,and the fluctuation of the MPF value of the vertical spinal muscle is significantly greater than that of the latissimus dorsi muscle.Conclusion The larger the driver's BMI value,the earlier the muscle fatigue occurs,and the lumbar erector muscle is more likely to fatigue than the latissimus dorsi.The research results can provide a certain reference for the study of individual differences in driving fatigue,the design of driver's seats and the study of driving fatigue detection factors.

关 键 词：交通安全工程 驾驶行为 疲劳驾驶 体质指数(BMI) 肌肉疲劳 表面肌电 平均功率频率(MPF) 

分 类 号：U491.25[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]