侵犯公民个人信息犯罪行刑衔接的困境与出路  

The Dilemma and Solution of the Convergence Between Criminal Law and Administrative Law of the Crime of Infringing Citizen's Personal Information

作　　者：石经海 李鑫[2] SHI Jing-hai;LI Xin

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学量刑研究中心 [2]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2023年第5期78-90,237,共14页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(20AFX012);重庆市社会科学规划项目(2019YBFX028)。

摘　　要：《个人信息保护法》与《刑法》之间存在对违法处理个人信息行为的入罪边界划定不清、行政处罚与刑事措施混用等行刑衔接问题。原因在于:一是行政法与刑法在保护法益、个人信息范围以及行为方式等实体内容上存在立法脱节;二是案件监管移送、证据转化及法律监督的程序规则缺乏协同。为保障侵犯公民个人信息犯罪的良好行刑衔接和推进《个人信息保护法》的有效实施,需要基于实体与程序的双重维度,建立刑事法与前置行政法规范的协调衔接体系。在实体衔接层面,要坚持法秩序统一原则,实现两法在保护法益、个人信息范围、分级标准以及不法行为要素的联系协调,合理界定侵犯公民个人信息罪边界。在程序衔接层面,要强化行政监管主体的协同配合,细化案件的双向衔接程序,规范证据转化制度,发挥社会监督与检察监督的协同功能。There are some inconsistencies between the Personal Information Protection Law and the Criminal Law,such as the unclear demarcation of criminal boundaries for illegal handling of personal information and the mixed use of administrative punishment and criminal measures.The reasons are as follows:on the one hand,there is a legislative disconnection between administrative law and criminal law in the substantive content of protection interests,personal information scope and behavior mode;on the other hand,the procedural rules of case supervision transfer,evidence conversion and legal supervision lack coordination.In order to ensure a better connection between the execution of infringing citizens'personal information crimes and promote the effective implementation of the Personal Information Protection Law,it is necessary to establish a coordinated connection system between criminal law and administrative law norms based on the dual dimensions of substantive and procedure.In terms of substantive convergence,we should adhere to the principle of unity of legal order,accomplish the connection and coordination between the two laws in the protection law interests,the scope and grading standard of personal information,the elements of illegal acts,and reasonably define the boundary of the crime of infringing on citizens'personal information.In terms of procedural convergence,it is necessary to strengthen the coordination of administrative supervision subjects,refine the two-way connection procedures of cases,standardize the evidence conversion system,and give play to the collaborative function of social supervision and procuratorial supervision.

关 键 词：侵犯公民个人信息犯罪 法秩序统一 实体性衔接 程序性衔接 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学] D922.16[政治法律—法学]