道义情态“应该VP的”语义类型的语表差异及功能解释  

On the Semantic Types of the Construction “yinggai VP de”

作　　者：李文浩[1] LI Wen-hao(International College of Chinese Studies,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,上海200234

出　　处：《汉语学习》2023年第5期48-56,共9页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“汉语学术语体情态表达研究”(项目编号:19BYY031)资助。

摘　　要：道义情态命题“应该VP的”三种语义类型的重音模式表现为:重读“应该”,表达属实义;重读VP整体或其部分,表达违实义;无明显重读差异,表达未来非违实或者恒常性道义。前两种类型的重读成分是对比焦点,第三种类型则只具有普通的信息焦点。焦点标记“是”的位置和否定测试、“应该VP的”的变换和省缩形式也关联其语义类型。该句式语表形式和语义类型的对应可以从认知象似性和信息的可预期性得到解释。The stress patterns of the construction yinggai VP de are as follows:(1)the stress falls on yinggai to express factual reading,(2)the stress falls on the whole or part of VP to express counterfactual reading,and(3)If there is no obvious stress in this construction,it indicates non-counterfactual reading or constant morality.The first two types have contrastive focus,and the third has informational focus.The position of focus mark shi,negation-test,the transformation and ellipsis of this construction are also related to its semantic type,which can be explained by cognitive iconicity and informational expectation.

关 键 词：道义情态 语义类型 重音 焦点 象似性 可预期性 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]