双垄种床耕作施肥作业过程仿真分析与试验  

Simulation analysis and experiment on the operation process of mechanized double ridge tillage and fertilization operation

作　　者：李文龙 戴飞 赵武云 史瑞杰 宋学锋 马海军 LI Wenlong;DAI Fei;ZHAO Wuyun;SHI Ruijie;SONG Xuefeng;MA Haijun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Tao River Tractor Manufacturing Co.Ltd.,Dingxi,Gansu 730500,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃洮河拖拉机制造有限公司,甘肃定西730500

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2023年第5期264-273,共10页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52065005);甘肃省杰出青年基金(20JR10RA560);甘肃省技术创新引导计划科技专员专项(22CX8GA052);甘肃省青年科技基金(20JR10RA548)。

摘　　要：为深入研究双垄种床耕作施肥作业过程中不同结构装置对作业性能和种床构建质量的影响,采用离散元方法分别对起垄开沟与施肥作业过程进行了单因素数值模拟。以两种类型起土铲、施肥铲的作业成型效果与挖掘阻力变化特性以及两种类型排肥器的排肥均匀度变异系数值与稳定性分别进行对比试验,经优化得出以双翼开沟铲、普通施肥铲以及直槽轮式排肥器进行组合并进行数值模拟,以种床耕作合格率、施肥合格率为指标评价该装置对种床构建性能的作用,结果表明:在联合机前进速度0.50 m·s^(-1)、旋耕刀组转速200 r·min^(-1)、排肥器转速40 r·min^(-1)的参数条件下,其种床耕作合格率为95.40%,施肥合格率为93.40%。田间验证试验表明:施肥合格率均值为90.30%,与仿真结果相差3.10%,种床耕作合格率均值为93.60%,与仿真结果相差1.80%。可见实际作业工况与仿真模拟结果相差不大,验证了仿真模拟研究模型的准确性。In order to study the effects of different structural devices on the performance and the quality of seed bed construction,the numerical simulation of ridging,ditching and fertilization was carried out by using discrete element method.The operation molding effect and excavation resistance change characteristics of the two types of soil lifting shovel and fertilization shovel as well as the variation coefficient and stability of the fertilizer discharge uniformity of the two types of fertilizer discharge devices were respectively compared and tested.After optimization,the combination of the double-wing trench shovel,the ordinary fertilizer shovel and the straight slot wheel fertilizer discharge device were obtained,and numerical simulation was carried out.The qualified rate of seeding bed tillage and fertilization was used as indicators to evaluate the effect of the device on the performance of seeding bed construction.The results showed that the qualified rate of seeding bed tillage and fertilization was 95.40%and 93.40%under the parameters of 0.50 m·s^(-1),200 r·min^(-1) and 40 r·min^(-1) respectively.Field verification experiments showed that the average pass rate of fertilization was 90.30%,3.10%lower than the simulation result,and the average pass rate of seed bed tillage was 93.60%,1.80%lower than the simulation result.The results indicated that there was little difference between the actual working conditions and the simulation results,which verifying the accuracy of the simulation research model.

关 键 词：双垄耕作施肥装置 仿真 离散元法 种床耕作合格率 施肥合格率 

分 类 号：S223[农业科学—农业机械化工程]