新时代我国粮食安全保障的成就与经验  

Achievements and Experiences of China's Food Security in the New Era

作　　者：王可山[1] WANG Ke-shan

机构地区：[1]北京物资学院

出　　处：《改革》2023年第9期99-109,共11页Reform

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“我国粮食数量质量双安全的风险测度与协同共治机制研究”(22AGL026)。

摘　　要：党的十八大以来,我国针对耕地数量减少和质量下降、种业“卡脖子”、农业科技“瓶颈”、种粮比较收益下降等问题采取了一系列措施,使我国粮食生产基本面持续向好,实现了“手中有粮、心中不慌”;供应保障能力不断增强,实现了“产得出、运得走、供得上”;产能基础更加稳固,实现了“藏粮于地、藏粮于技”;供给侧结构性改革成效显著,实现了“吃得饱、吃得好”;综合生产能力明显提升,实现了“以我为主、立足国内”。取得这些重大成就的基本经验是:发挥制度优势构建粮食安全党政同责体制机制,适应国情把解决人民吃饭问题作为头等大事,紧盯耕地和种子两个要害夯实粮食安全根基,把农业科技创新作为粮食安全保障的关键支撑,坚持系统观念全方位构筑粮食安全保障体系。未来要在守住粮食安全底线的基础上不断提高发展质量,坚持自力更生和扩大开放更好结合,做好稳产保供和节约利用双提升,创新机制保障涉粮主体必要的经济利益和公共责任,以有效市场和有为政府推动粮食安全保障体系建设。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China has taken a series of policies and measures to address issues such as the reduction of farmland,problems that hinder the development of the seed industry,the"bottleneck"of agricultural technology,and the decrease in comparative income from grain production.With the help of that,fundamentals of China's grain production has been continuously improved,and the goal of"no panic with grain in hand"has been realized;our capability for supply guarantee has been continuously enhanced,and the goal of sufficient grain production,transportation and supply has been realized;the foundation of grain capacity has been stabled,and the goal of"storing grain in the ground and storing grain in technology"has been realized;significant achievement in the supply-side structural reform has been made,and the goal of"having enough food and eating well"has been realized;and the comprehensive production capacity has been significantly improved,and the goal of"food security based on domestic supply"has been realized.The basic experience of achieving these significant achievements is to leverage institutional advantages to build a system and mechanism of party and government shared responsibility for food security,to adapt to national conditions and make solving the problem of people's food supply a top priority,to closely focus on the two key issues of farmland and seeds to consolidate the foundation of food security,to make agricultural technology innovation as a key support for food security,and to adhere to a systematic concept to build a comprehensive food security guarantee system.In the future,while maintaining the bottom line of food security,we need to continuously improve the quality of development,adhere to a better combination of self-reliance and expanding openness,do a good job of improving both stable production&supply and conservation&utilization,innovate mechanisms to ensure the necessary economic interests and public responsibilities of grain related enti

关 键 词：粮食安全 国家粮食安全战略 粮食安全保障体系 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]