集体农庄制度变迁及其对新型农村集体经济组织建设的启示  

The Institutional Change of Collective Farm and Its Enlightenment to the Construction of New Rural Collective Economic Organization

作　　者：温啸宇 彭超 WEN Xiaoyu;PENG Chao

机构地区：[1]农业农村部管理干部学院,北京102208

出　　处：《世界农业》2023年第10期63-71,共9页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“城乡协调发展与农村就业转型:工业化、城镇化和关键制度的影响与机理”(72173006);“城镇化对我国农业生产的影响机理与对策研究”(71673274);国家社会科学基金重大项目“特色农业赋能农户增收长效机制构建研究”(21&ZD091);农业农村部管理干部学院院级课题“共同富裕背景下我国新型农村集体经济理论创新与改革路径研究”(R202205)。

摘　　要：重新审视世界范围内集体农庄制度变迁经验有利于更好地指导中国新型农村集体经济的发展。本文通过对集体农庄的制度设计与典型发展路径分析,认为其制度理性主要在于风险减免、规模效应和意识形态支撑;其问题在于选择性激励缺失、忽视异质性社员需求和消极应对外部环境变化。中国新型集体经济的发展需要坚持公平公正的底线思维,加强政府引导并尊重地方性规则,同时建立符合市场经济要求的集体经济运行机制。Reviewing the experience and lessons of collective farm model in the world will be beneficial to better guide the development of the new rural collective economy in the new era of China.Through the analysis of the system design and typical development path of the collective farm all over the world,it is believed that the institutional rationality of collective farm mainly lies in risk reduction,scale effect and ideological support.The lessons of its failure lie in the lack of selective incentives,the neglection of heterogeneous members’needs and the passive response to the changes of external environment.For the development of Chinese new collective economy,it is needed to keep the bottom line of fair playing and social justice,strengthen government guidance and respect for local rules.The collective economic operation mechanism should be established in line with the requirements of modern market economy.

关 键 词：集体农庄 新型农村集体经济 制度变迁 产权改革 

分 类 号：F321.32[经济管理—产业经济]