140例儿童胸部DR受检者入射体表剂量调查结果分析  

Analysis of Incident Body Surface Dose of 140 Children Chest Digital Radiography

作　　者：姬绪莉[1] 孙彦玲[1] 李鸿成[1] 董良 JI Xuli;SUN Yanling;LI Hongcheng;DONG Liang(Ningxia Center for Disease Control and prevention,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2023年第8期840-843,共4页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区卫生健康系统科研课题(2020-NW-054)。

摘　　要：目的调查140例儿童胸部DR受检者辐射剂量情况。方法选取宁夏两所接诊患者最多的儿童专科医院中行胸部DR检查的0~14周岁患儿作为调查对象,采用热释光探测器(thermoluminescent dosimeter,TLD)测量不同年龄段、不同性别、不同照射方式儿童胸部DR受检者的入射体表剂量(entrance surface dose,ESD);同时,记录照射时的曝光参数(管电压、电量)。结果女童头部的ESD大于男童(Z=2.078,P<0.05);头部ESD与年龄呈正相关(r=0.407,P<0.001),腹部外ESD与年龄呈正相关(r=0.522,P<0.001);胸部侧位的ESD大于胸部正位,胸部ESD与电量呈正相关(r=0.526,P<0.001);胸部与非投照部位头部和腹部剂量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),投照部位ESD高于非投照部位,腹部外ESD高于腹部内(Z=2.742,P<0.05)。结论对儿童胸部进行DR摄影时,应采用适当的曝光参数,同时应做好非投照部位的屏蔽防护,尽可能降低儿童的辐射剂量。Objective To investigate the radiation dose of digital radiography(DR)examinees in the chest of 140 children.Methods The children aged 0-14 years old who underwent chest DR examination in two children’s specialized hospitals in Ningxia with the highest number of patients as the survey subjects.The entrance surface dose(ESD)of chest DR subjects in children of different ages,sexes and irradiation modes were measured with thermoluminescent dosimeter(TLD),and the exposure parameters(tube voltage,electric quantity)were recorded at the same time.Results The ESD of the famale head was larger than that of the male(Z=2.078,P<0.05),the ESD of the head was positively correlated with age(r=0.407,P<0.001),and the ESD of the external abdomen was positively correlated with age(r=0.522,P<0.001),the ESD of chest was positively correlated with the electric quantity(r=0.526,P<0.001),and the dose of head and abdomen of chest was significantly higher than that of non-projection(P<0.05),the ESD outside the abdomen was significantly higher than that inside the abdomen(Z=2.742,P<0.05).Conclusion When performing DR photography on the chest of children,appropriate exposure parameters should be used,and shielding protection should be taken for non projection areas to minimize the radiation dose to children.

关 键 词：数字化X射线摄影 入射体表剂量 热释光探测器 

分 类 号：R814.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]