权利竞存视角下购置款抵押权优先顺位研究  

Research on the Priority of Acquisition Mortgage Right from the Perspective of Right Competition

作　　者：连光阳 毛轶澜 LIAN Guang-yang;MAO Yi-lan(Faculty ofLaw,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan,Hunan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期102-107,共6页Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences

基　　金：湖南省教育厅重点项目“个人信息保护法视角下信用信息处理者的法律规制研究”(21A0086)成果。

摘　　要：民法典第416条引入购置款抵押权,并突破了“公示在先,效力在先”的一般物权顺位规则。但购置款抵押权也并非真正的“超级优先权”,除了留置权之外,与其他权利竞存时并非恒定优先。根据体系解释、目的解释等法解释学方法,购置款抵押权与浮动抵押竞存时,应优先于浮动抵押权;与宽限期内抢先设立的其他抵押权竞存时,也应优先;当买受人与贷款人同时为购置款抵押权人时,应将二者地位等同视之,按照《民法典》第414条规则处理。除此之外,购置款抵押权亦可能与一些法定优先权产生竞存,如其与破产管理人管理的债权、执行债权竞存时,亦应优先;与建筑工程价款竞存时,应劣后于后者;与船舶优先权竞存时,也应劣后于后者。Article 416 of the Civil Code introduces the purchase mortgage right and breaks through the general rule of “publicity first,effectiveness first”.However,an acquisition mortgage is not a true “super-priority” and,aside from a lien,it does not have constant priority when competing with other rights.According to the interpretation of the system,the interpretation of purpose and other methods of hermeneutics,when the purchase mortgage competes with the floating mortgage,it shall have priority over the floating mortgage;When competing with other mortgages established before the grace period,it should also take precedence.When the buyer and the lender are both acquisition mortgagees,they should be treated as equal and treated in accordance with rule 414 of the Civil Code.In addition to this,an acquisition mortgage may also compete with some statutory priority rights.When competing with claims managed by the insolvency representative or enforcement claims,it should also be given priority;When competing with the price of construction projects,it should be inferior to the latter;When competing with the priority of the ship,it should also be inferior to the latter.

关 键 词：购置款抵押权 权利竞存 优先顺位 法定优先权 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]