智能新能源汽车车载控制基础软硬件关键技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Key Technologies of Basic Software and Hardware for Intelligent New Energy Vehicle Onboard Control

作　　者：李兆麟[1,5] 李华伟 郑四发[3] 王文伟[4] 邹广才[5] 张创 刘英 张永昌 Li Zhaolin;Li Huawei;Zheng Sifa;Wang Wenwei;Zou Guangcai;Zhang Chuang;Liu Ying;Zhang Yongchang(Department of Computer Science and Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;Institute of Computing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081;National New Energy Vehicle Technology Innovation Center,Beijing 100176)

机构地区：[1]清华大学计算机科学与技术系,北京100084 [2]中国科学院计算技术研究所,北京100190 [3]清华大学车辆运载学院,北京100084 [4]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081 [5]北京国家新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司,北京100176

出　　处：《汽车工程》2023年第9期1530-1542,共13页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1600200);清华大学-丰田联合研究基金专项(2022)资助。

摘　　要：新能源汽车的智能化与网联化对以车载核心控制芯片、车控操作系统及车载网络为核心的车载控制基础软硬件提出了更高的要求,必须满足高性能计算、高安全控制、大数据通信等颠覆性需求。本文围绕车载核心控制芯片、车控操作系统与车载高速分布式光纤通信的高可靠与高安全设计需求,介绍了复杂行驶条件下支持智能控制算法的车控操作系统和车载核心控制芯片的架构,恶劣工况下的车载核心控制芯片的高可靠性设计技术和环境适应性增强技术,车控操作系统和车载核心控制芯片的功能安全性设计与保障技术,基于高速分布式光纤通信技术的控制信号传输工具及通信协议故障诊断与自测试技术等关键技术的最新研究工作。基于上述研究成果自主研制的车载核心控制芯片和车控操作系统均已通过实车验证,由此构建的技术攻关、产品研制、标准制定、实车验证的研发体系可为我国智能新能源汽车车载控制基础软硬件的完全自主可控提供必要的理论与技术支撑。The intelligence and networking of new energy vehicles have put forward higher requirements for the basic software and hardware of vehicle on-board control including core control chips,operating systems and networks,which must meet disruptive needs such as high-performance computing,high security control and big data communication.Focusing on the high reliability and safety design requirements of vehicle core control chips,vehicle control operating systems,and high-speed distributed fiber optic communication in vehicles,this paper introduces the latest research on key technologies of the architecture of vehicle control operating systems and vehicle core control chips that support intelligent control algorithms under complex driving conditions,the high reliability design technology and environmental adaptability enhancement technology of vehicle core control chips under harsh working conditions,functional safety design and guarantee technology for vehicle control operating system and onboard core control chip,control signal transmission tool based on high-speed distributed fiber optic communication technology,and communication protocol fault diagnosis and self testing technology.Based on the above research results,the independently developed vehicle core control chip and vehicle control operating system have all passed practical vehicle verification.The established research and development system for technology breakthrough,product development,standard formulation,and practical vehicle verification can provide necessary theoretical and technical support for the complete autonomy and controllability of the basic software and hardware of intelligent new energy vehicle on-board control in China.

关 键 词：车载核心控制芯片 车控操作系统 车载网络 可靠设计 安全设计 

分 类 号：U463.6[机械工程—车辆工程]