江苏省镇江市达到血吸虫病传播阻断后疫情监测  

Epidemic monitoring of schistosomiasis after interruption of transmission in Zhenjiang City,Jiangsu Province

作　　者：张万军[1] 王琳[1] 张瑾 李莎莎 李爱华 ZHANG Wanjun;WANG Lin;ZHANG Jin;LI Shasha;LI Aihua(Zhenjiang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212004,China;Zhenjiang Medical District,the General Hospital of the PLA Eastern Theater Command,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212001,China)

机构地区：[1]镇江市疾病预防控制中心,江苏镇江212004 [2]解放军东部战区总医院镇江医疗区,江苏镇江212001

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第9期1091-1093,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析镇江市达到传播阻断后血吸虫病疫情数据,为推进下阶段消除血吸虫病进程提供科学依据。方法收集2018—2021年镇江市血防工作报表资料,分析人群、家畜等血吸虫感染情况以及钉螺的分布情况。结果2018—2021年,镇江市无血吸虫病突发疫情发生,累计查病340259人/次,血检累计阳性数2182人/次,各年血检阳性率依次为0.80%、0.79%、0.58%、0.38%,呈现下降趋势(χ趋势2=164.034,P=0.001);粪检累计34182人/次,无粪检阳性者;开展家畜粪检查病累计13323头/次,未发现阳性病畜。2018—2021年,全市累计调查环境面积55172.67 hm^(2);2021年查出有螺面积为817.08 hm^(2),比2018年632.57 hm^(2)增长29.17%,查出有螺面积中江湖滩每年均占比85%以上;全市累计药物灭螺面积12365.64 hm^(2),累计环改灭螺面积560.75 hm^(2);累计查螺151010框,捕获活螺数210090只,活螺框比例2021年比2018年增加11.05%,活螺密度为1.16~1.53只/0.1m^(2),压碎镜检法未发现感染性钉螺。结论镇江市以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病防治措施效果显著,传播阻断后血吸虫病疫情已维持在较低水平,但有螺面积仍然较大,传播危险因素依然存在,今后要进一步加强控制钉螺措施,推进消除血吸虫病进程。Objective To analyze the data about schistosomiasis epidemic situation in Zhenjiang City after interruption of transmission so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting the process of schistosomiasis elimination in the next stage.Methods We collected the annual schistosomiasis control data in Zhenjiang City from 2018 to 2021,and analyzed the infection status of people and livestock as well as the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis.Results There was no schistosomiasis emergency epidemic in Zhenjinag City during the period of 2018-2021.A total of 340,259 person-time individuals were cumulatively examined,and the cumulative number of positive blood examinations was 2,182 person-time individuals.The positive rates of blood examinations in each year(2018-2021)were 0.80%,0.79%,0.58%and 0.38%respectively,showing a downward trend(χ^(2)trend=164.034,P=0.001).The cumulative number of stool examination was 34,182 person-time individuals,and no positive case was detected.A total 13,323 herd-time livestock were tested for schistosomiasis,and no stool-positive results were found.From 2018 to 2021,the total investigated environmental area of the city was 55,172.67 hm^(2).The Oncomelania hupensis area in 2021(817.08 hm^(2))increased by 29.17%compared with that in 2018(632.57 hm^(2)).Among the total area with Oncomelania hupensis,marshland accounted for more than 85%in each year.The total area of the niclosamide-controlled and environmental transformation was 12,365.64 hm^(2)and 560.75 hm^(2)respectively.A total of 210,090 living Oncomelania hupensis were captured,the proportion of living Oncomelania hupensis frame in 2021 increased by 11.05%compared with that in 2018.The density of living Oncomelania hupensis was 1.16-1.35 snails/0.1m^(2).However,no Schistosoma japonicum infections were detected in Oncomelania hupensis by using microscopic dissection.Conclusion The effect of schistosomiasis control measures focusing on the control of infectious sources in Zhenjiang City is remarkable,and the schistosomiasis epidemic afte

关 键 词：血吸虫病 钉螺 传播阻断 疫情监测 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]