四个高山杜鹃品种对碱胁迫的响应及其耐碱性评价  

Growth and Physiological Responses to Alkali Stress and Alkali Tolerance Evaluation of Four Rhododendron Cultivars

作　　者：彭绿春[1] 葛保志 李雪娇[2] 宋杰[1] 张露[1] 李世峰[1] PENG Lyuchun;GE Baozhi;LI Xuejiao;SONG Jie;ZHANG Lu;LI Shifeng(Flower Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture/Yunnan Flower Breeding Key Laboratory/Yunnan Flower Research and Development Center,Kunming,Yunnan 650205;School of Garden and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,云南省花卉育种重点实验室,云南花卉技术工程研究中心,云南昆明650205 [2]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第16期58-63,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31760230);云南省种子种业联合实验室资助项目(202205AR070001);云南省科技厅科技计划生物种业和农产品精深加工专项资助项目(202302AE090018)。

摘　　要：以4个高山杜鹃园艺品种‘Cosmopolitan’‘Lord Roberts’‘Scintillation’‘Polaris’的试管苗为试材,采用试管内耐碱性评价的方法,通过形态指标(碱害指数、株高增长量、芽增殖数)观测和生理指标(可溶性糖含量、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性)测定,研究了5个pH水平的培养基对高山杜鹃试管苗生长的影响,以期为高山杜鹃耐碱性室内评价提供参考依据。结果表明:4个高山杜鹃品种中‘Cosmopolitan’耐碱性最强,培养基中pH 8.9时,碱害指数为13,pH为8.1时,株高增长量显著高于其它处理;其次为‘Lord Roberts’,pH 8.9时,碱害指数为62,pH为4.8和7.0时,株高增长量显著高于其它处理;‘Scintillation’和‘Polaris’最不耐碱,pH 8.9时,碱害指数分别为97和100。除pH 8.9的处理外,同一品种在其余pH水平下芽增殖系数差异不大。‘Cosmopolitan’和‘Polaris’在pH 7.0时,SOD活性开始显著降低;‘Scintillation’则在pH 5.9时,SOD活性开始显著降低;而‘Lord Roberts’自pH 8.1开始,SOD活性已显著低于pH 4.8和5.9时。4个高山杜鹃品种为应对不断增强的碱胁迫在pH 8.1~8.9时,可溶性糖含量最高。Taking the tube seedlings of four Rhododendron cultivars‘Cosmopolitan’‘Lord Roberts’‘Scintillation’and‘Polaris’as test materials,the effects of five pH levels of culture media on the growth of test tube seedlings of Rhododendron were studied by using the method of alkaline tolerance evaluation in vitro,through observation of morphological indicators(alkaline damage index,plant height growth,bud proliferation number)and determination of physiological indicators(soluble sugar content,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity),in order to provide reference for indoor evaluation of alkaline resistance of Rhododendrons.The results showed that among the four Rhododendron cultivars,‘Cosmopolitan’had the strongest alkali resistance with an alkali damage index of 13 at pH 8.9,it′s plant height growth was significantly higher than other treatments at pH 8.1;next was‘Lord Roberts’,with an alkali damage index of 62 at pH 8.9 and a significantly higher plant height growth at pH 4.8 and 7.0 compared to other treatments;‘Scintillation’and‘Polaris’were the least alkali resistant,with an alkali damage index of 97 and 100 at pH 8.9,respectively.Except for the treatment of pH 8.9,there was no significant difference in bud proliferation coefficient for the same variety at other pH levels.At pH 7.0,the SOD activity of‘Cosmopolitan’and‘Polaris’began to significantly decrease,while at pH 5.9,the activity of SOD began to significantly decrease in‘Scintillation’,since pH 8.1,the SOD activity of‘Lord Roberts’had been significantly lower than at pH 4.8 and 5.9.Four Rhododendron cultivars have the highest soluble sugar content in response to increasing alkaline stress at pH 8.1-8.9.

关 键 词：高山杜鹃 品种 耐碱性 形态指标 生理指标 

分 类 号：S685.21[农业科学—观赏园艺]