秋季施肥对不同砧木类型红松嫁接苗生长、生理及开花的影响  

Effects ofAutumn Fertilization on Growth,Physiology and Flowering of Korean Pine Grafted Seedlings with Different Rootstocks

作　　者：杨一帆 黄河 吴海波[1,2] 刘名昱 姜贵勇 任开宇 孟天丽 周楠楠 李辰 姚思营 李洋 张嘉蔷 张鹏 YANG Yifan;HUANG He;WU Haibo;LIU Mingyu;JIANG Guiyong;REN Kaiyu;MENG Tianli;ZHOU Nannan;LI Chen;YAO Siying;LI Yang;ZHANG Jiaqiang;ZHANG Peng(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management,Ministry of Education,School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;State Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Technology Research Center of Korean Pine,Harbin 150040,China;Forestry Work Station of Hebei Forestry Bureau Co.,Ltd,Hegang 154212,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [2]国家林业草原红松工程技术研究中心,哈尔滨150040 [3]鹤北林业局有限公司林业工作总站,黑龙江鹤岗154212

出　　处：《森林工程》2023年第5期11-21,共11页Forest Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(GA21B005)。

摘　　要：为研究秋季施肥对不同砧木类型红松嫁接苗生长和开花的影响,选择3种(樟子松、红松、华山松)砧木类型红松嫁接苗为对象,设置4个秋季施氮水平(0、0.5、1.0、1.5 g/株),研究3种红松嫁接苗对秋季施肥的生长、生理和开花响应。结果表明,秋季施肥可显著提高红松嫁接苗生长季末接穗中叶绿素含量、氮含量和可溶性蛋白含量,促进接穗翌年生长季的生长并提高开花株率与总开花数。不同类型砧木嫁接苗对秋季施肥有不同的响应,砧木类型为樟子松和红松时,最佳秋季施氮量均为中氮水平(1.0 g/株),砧木类型为华山松时,最佳秋季施氮量为高氮水平(1.5 g/株)。在相同的中氮处理条件下,秋季施肥对樟子松嫁接红松苗木接穗的翌年开花能力促进作用更明显,而对红松嫁接红松苗木接穗的翌年生长促进作用更明显。华山松嫁接红松苗木发生越冬死亡现象,秋季施肥可降低苗木越冬死亡率34.45%。In order to study the effects of autumn fertilization on the growth and flowering of Pinus koraiensis grafted seedlings with different rootstock types,three kinds of Korean pine grafted seedlings with different rootstock types(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,P.koraiensis,P.armandii)were selected as the research objects.Four autumn nitrogen application levels(0,0.5,1.0,1.5g/plant)were set up to determine and analyze the growth,physiology and flowering response of three kinds of Korean pine grafted seedlings to autumn fertilization.The results showed that:nitrogen application in autumn could significantly increase the accumulation of chlorophyll,nitrogen and soluble protein in the scion at the end of the growing season of Korean pine grafted seedlings,promote the growth of the scion in the next growing season,and increase the flowering plant rate and total flowering number.Different types of rootstock grafted seedlings had different responses to autumn fertilization.When the rootstock type was P.sylvestris var.mongolica and P.koraiensis,the optimal autumn nitrogen application rate was at a medium nitrogen level(1.0 g/plant).When the rootstock type was P.armandii,the optimal autumn nitrogen application rate was at a high nitrogen level(1.5 g/plant).Under the same medium nitrogen treatment conditions,autumn fertilization had a more significant promoting effect on the flowering ability of the scions of P.sylvestris var.mongolica grafted with P.koraiensis seedlings in the following year,and a more significant promoting effect on the growth of the scions of P.koraiensis grafted with P.koraiensis seedlings in the following year.The phenomenon of overwintering death occurred in P.armandii grafted with P.koraiens seedlings,and autumn fertilization could reduce the overwintering death rate of seedlings by 34.45%.

关 键 词：红松 嫁接苗 砧木类型 秋季施肥 开花 

分 类 号：S753.5[农业科学—森林经理学]