海斯特的“反叛”与“回归”——基于新历史主义的《红字》再解读  

Hester’s“Rebellion”and“Regression”:A Reinterpretation of The Scarlet Letter Based on New Historicism

作　　者：张端 ZHANG Duan(School of English Language Literature and Culture,Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]北京第二外国语学院英语学院,北京100024

出　　处：《上海理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期278-284,共7页Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology：Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：“颠覆”与“含纳”是指美国著名浪漫主义作家霍桑在《红字》中建构“反叛性”女性话语时与清教父权主流意识形态之间既对抗又依赖的矛盾思想。一方面,霍桑在《红字》中主要通过让女主人公海斯特诉诸于华丽的服饰、拥有神秘力量的波儿以及沉默的生活姿态三种媒介重构本来象征罪恶的红字,试图颠覆、解构主流权力话语;另一方面,霍桑与清教父权主流话语之间存在着“共谋”关系,他勾勒海斯特如此反叛的新女性形象只是为更好地说明清教社会内部存在的运行机制:清教主流意识形态通过“收编”与“含纳”激进性力量来稳定和巩固自身意识形态的发展。霍桑通过海斯特“反叛”与“回归”双重形象特征展现出的“颠覆”和“含纳”,思考了清教新英格兰时期的社会运作模式,也为后世带来了关于社会发展过程中内部机制运作模式的深刻启示。“Subversion”and“Containment”refers to the famous American romantic writer Hawthorne’s contradictory thoughts out of his constructing the“rebellious”female discourse in The Scarlet Letter against the mainstream ideology of puritan patriarchy.On one hand,the heroine Hester mainly resort to three mediums,that is,gorgeous clothes,her daughter Pearl with the mysterious power,and her silent life postures,to reconstruct meanings of the scarlet letter“A”that originally symbolizes evil,subverting and deconstructing the mainstream power discourse.On the other hand,there is a“conspiracy”relationship between Hawthorne and the mainstream puritan patriarchal discourse.He outlines Hester such a rebellious new female image only to better illustrate the inner mechanism operating in puritan society:the mainstream puritan ideology stabilizes and consolidates the development of its own ideology through“incorporation”and“containment”of those radical forces emerging in society.By means of“subversion”and“containment”displayed through Hester’s dual image characteristics,Hawthorne actually reflects on the social operation mode existing in puritan New England period,and also brings profound enlightenments to later generations on the internal mechanism operation mode in the process of social development.

关 键 词：霍桑 《红字》 海斯特 “颠覆” “含纳” 社会运作机制 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]