追肥期缓释肥施用对核桃叶片光合、叶片营养及果实品质的影响  

Effects of slow-release fertilizer application on leaf photosynthesis,leaf nutrition and fruit quality of walnut during topdressing period

作　　者：郭松 马治浩 森巴特 罗立新[3] 任泉 陈天财 张锐 GUO Song;MA Zhihao;SEN Bate;LUO Lixin;REN Quan;CHEN Tiancai;ZHANG Rui(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for The Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-funded by Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps and The Ministry of Science&Technology,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Agricultural Development Center of the Third Regiment of the First Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用兵团重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆生产建设兵团第一师三团农发中心,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2023年第3期62-69,共8页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：国家重点研发项目“核桃和油橄榄优质轻简高效栽培技术集成与示范”(2020YFD1000703)。

摘　　要：本试验为明确缓释肥在追肥期对核桃叶片光合特性、叶片矿质养分及果实品质的影响。以‘新温185’核桃为研究对象,常规施肥管理为对照(1720 g株),设4个缓释肥料梯度(F1:400 g株;F2:600 g株;F3:800 g株;F4:1000 g株),对核桃叶片光合特性、矿质养分及果实品质进行分析。结果表明,相比CK,追肥期缓释肥施用核桃叶片净光合速率影响差异不显著。缓释肥施用可以保证核桃叶片养分供应,F4处理硬壳期叶片氮含量显著高于CK,是CK的1.18倍。F3处理硬壳期和成熟期叶片镁含量相比CK显著提高27.51%和18.32%。缓释肥施用在一定程度上可稳定树体产量、改善核桃品质。F4处理施肥量较CK减少41.86%,但单株产量和可溶性糖分别较CK显著提升4.81%和18.18%。本试验条件下,缓释肥施用量减少,但在核桃追肥期同样可以满足核桃生长及果实品质的形成,单株核桃缓释肥追肥量以600 g为宜。To determine the effects of slow release fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics,leaf mineral nutrients and fruit quality of walnut during topdressing period.With‘Xinwen 185’walnut as the research object and conventional fertilizer management as the control(1720 g plant),four slow-release fertilizer gradients were set up(F1:400 g plant;F2:600 g plant;F3:800 g plant;F4:1000 g plant),the photosynthetic characteristics,mineral nutrients and fruit quality of walnut leaves were analyzed.The results showed that compared with CK,there was no significant difference in net photosynthetic rate of walnut leaves under slow-release fertilizer application during topdressing period.The application of slow-release fertilizer could ensure the nutrient supply of walnut leaves.The nitrogen content of leaves in the hard shell stage of F4 treatment was significantly higher than that of CK,which was 1.18 times of that of CK.Compared with CK,the magnesium content of leaves in the hard shell stage and mature stage under F3 treatment was significantly increased by 27.51%and 18.32%.The application of slow release fertilizer could stabilize the yield and improve the quality of walnut to a certain extent.The fertilization of F4 treatment was reduced by 41.86%compared with CK,but yield per plant and soluble sugar were increased by 4.81%and 18.18%compared with CK,respectively.Under the conditions of this experiment,the application amount of slow release fertilizer was reduced,but it could also meet the growth and fruit quality formation of walnut in the topdressing stage,and 600 g of slow release fertilizer per plant was suitable for walnut.

关 键 词：核桃 矿质养分 品质 缓释肥料 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]