巢湖西半湖底泥磷分布及释放特征  被引量:4

Distribution and release of phosphorus in the sediment of Western Lake Chaohu

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作  者:张沐 李发建 圣伟佳 赵琼 尹洪斌[3] ZHANG Mu;LI Fajian;SHENG Weijia;ZHAO Qiong;YIN Hongbin(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601;School of Environmental and Biological Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094;State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008)

机构地区:[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601 [2]南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院,南京210094 [3]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008

出  处:《环境科学学报》2023年第9期164-175,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基  金:中国科学院0-1项目(No.ZDBS-LY-DQC018);南京市水务科技项目(No.202105)。

摘  要:为充分了解巢湖西半湖底泥氮磷分布及释放特征,为后续治理提供决策依据,在巢湖西半湖设置29个采样点,对底泥氮磷和有机质含量的空间分布进行调查,并采用间隙水平衡技术(Peeper)和薄膜梯度扩散技术(DGT)对底泥释放和高磷活性区域进行测试和表征.结果表明,调查区表层底泥(0~10 m)总氮、总磷和有机质含量均值分别为1614 mg·kg^(-1)、691 mg·kg^(-1)和2.30%,依据美国环境保护署制定的沉积物污染评价标准,总氮和总磷分别处于中度和重度污染水平.基于Peeper结果发现,巢湖西半湖磷酸盐释放速率为0.13~2.53 mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1),均值为1.15mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1);氨态氮释放速率为5.73~20.23 mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1),均值为12.89 mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1).磷酸盐释放速率高值区域位于入湖口处,而氨态氮释放速率高值则位于湖心.DGT-P高值所在区域与磷酸盐释放速率高值所在区域一致,均位于入湖口附近.底泥磷形态结果表明,铝结合态磷为底泥磷的主要结合形态,占总磷的25%~71%.各采样点的活性磷(不稳定的磷、铁结合态磷和有机磷的总和)含量为62.39~329.40 mg·kg^(-1),占总磷的19%~41%.以上研究结果表明,巢湖西半湖底泥内源磷污染严重,且污染主要分布在入湖河口区域.In order to fully understand the distribution and release characteristics of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in the sediment of the western Lake Chaohu and consequently provide decision-making basis for the pollution control,sediments were sampled from 29 sites in the western Lake Chaohu,and the distribution of N and P were analyzed.The release of phosphate and ammonia,were tested by pore water balance technique(Peeper),and P hotspots were characterized by film diffusion gradient(DGT)technique.The results showed that the average content of total N,total P and organic matter in the surface sediment(0~10 m)were 1614 mg·kg^(-1),691 mg·kg^(-1) and 2.30%,respectively.According to the sediment pollution evaluation standard established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA),total N was at the moderate level of pollution,while total P exhibited severe pollution levels,results from the Peeper anaylsis showed that the release rate of phosphate-in the western Lake Chaohu ranged from 0.13 to 2.53 mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1),with an average value of 1.15 mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1).The release rate of ammonia ranged from 5.73 to 20.23 mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1),with an average value of 12.89 mg·m^(-2)·d^(-1).Release rate of phosphate was higher at the estuary than at other sites of the lake,while release rate of ammonia was higher in the center of the lake.The DGT-P was also higher near the estuary of the lake.analysis of phosphorus form showed indicated that the Al-P was the main form of phosphorus in the sediment,accounting for 25%~71% of total P.The mobile P content(The sum of Labile-P,Fe-P and Org-P)ranged from 62.39 mg·kg^(-1) to 329.40 mg·kg^(-1),accounting for 19%to 41%of total P.The above results show that water in the western Lake Chaohu is seriously polluted by P released from sediments,and the endogenous P pollution is more severe in the lake estuary area.

关 键 词:西巢湖 底泥 内源释放 营养盐 磷形态 

分 类 号:X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]

 

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