水环境系统中新冠病毒的研究动态及热点--基于30个月的英文文献计量分析  

Research dynamics and hotspots of SARS-CoV-2 in water environment system-A bibliometric analyses of international literature published in recent 30 months

作　　者：郑祥[1] 何俊卿 石磊[1] 程荣[1] ZHENG Xiang;HE Junqing;SHI Lei;CHENG Rong(School of Environment and Natural Resource,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第9期187-201,共15页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52070192);中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(No.22XNH062)。

摘　　要：采用文献计量学方法分析2020-2022年水环境SARS-CoV-2研究领域的发展趋势、研究动态和热点并进行系统归纳总结.研究表明:(1)全球对该领域的关注度在疫情流行18个月内呈快速上升趋势,但在2021年下半年后有所下降;各国研究者的关注度与当地疫情严重程度和经济发展水平高度相关.(2)关键词聚类分析结果表明,前期研究聚焦于病毒在水环境系统中的迁移行为、存活能力、衰减规律、病毒检测及去除灭活;后期研究聚焦于水环境中病毒的传染性、环境监测、污水流行病学及健康风险评估研究.(3)基于传统RT-qPCR技术的QMRA高估了健康风险,使用pRNA评估更能接近真实水平;目前尚无研究从废水中分离培养出具有感染性的SARS-CoV-2.(4)污水流行病学(WBE)在提供疫情预警信息和辅助疫情防控方面可行且高效,主要功能包括疫情起点预警、疫情发展动态分析和感染规模判断以及辅助评估社区疫苗接种有效性.未来需进一步开展水环境系统中病毒存活能力、变异规律和传播通量研究,加强水环境病毒对人体健康风险的评估研究,建立基于污水病毒检测的传染病疫情和突发公共卫生事件风险预警系统,助力完善国家公共卫生体系.This review uses bibliometric methods to systematically explore the development trends,research dynamics,and hot spots of SARS-CoV-2 related research in the water environment during 2020-2022.The results demonstrate that:①Global research interest in the field increased rapidly in the 18 months following the pandemic but declined after the second half of 2021.The research focus in different countries was highly correlated with the severity of the local epidemic and the level of economic development.②Cluster analysis on keywords showed that studies were initially focused on migration mobilization,survival ability,removal and inactivation of viruses,and virus detection in the water environment system.Studies were later focused on viral infectivity in the water environment,environmental surveillance,wastewater-based epidemiology,and health risk assessment.③Traditional RT-qPCR based QMRA overestimated health risks.Using pRNA to estimate infectious virus may be closer to the reality.To date,no studies indicated infectious SARS-CoV-2 have been isolated and cultured from wastewater.④Wastewater-based Epidemiology(WBE)is feasible and efficient in providing early warning and supporting epidemic prevention and control.Its main functions include early warning,dynamic analysis of epidemic development and estimation of infection scale,as well as aiding assessment of community vaccination effectiveness.In the future,it is warranted to further examine virus survivability,mutation and transmission in the water environment system,strengthen research on the assessment of human health risks of viruses in the water environment,establish an early warning system for infectious disease outbreaks and public health emergencies based on wastewater virus monitoring,aiming to improve the national public health system.

关 键 词：SARS-CoV-2 环境监测 健康风险 污水流行病学 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]