保险智能合约的法律构造与风险防控  

Legal Structure and Risk Prevention of Insurance Smart Contract

作　　者：赛铮 Sai Zhen

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学法学院

出　　处：《法商研究》2023年第5期76-89,共14页Studies in Law and Business

基　　金：广西哲学社会科学基金资助项目(22CFX005)。

摘　　要：保险智能合约是完全自动化执行的合同,呈现出“代码即法律”的构造方式:在合约成立时表现为代码,合约有效表现为区块链验证,合约执行表现为自动执行软件。保险智能合约能够实现理赔处理的自动化,减少人为干预,缩短理赔时间,未来具有广阔的应用前景。作为代码合同的保险智能合约可能存在代码漏洞、代码瑕疵,具有单一封闭性,“去中心化”监管与传统监管理念冲突等法律风险。在智能合约与保险相结合的发展趋势下,应当以科技治理为逻辑线索,从科技治理蕴含的“技术驱动”“多元协同”以及“一般原则与特殊工具的统一”等层面,构建“技术规范—机制设计—智能监管”的具体法治路径。Insurance smart contract is the construction method of"code is law",that is expressed as code when the contract is established;the contract is effectively expressed as blockchain verification;and the contract execution is expressed as automatic software execution.Insurance smart contracts can realize the automation of claims processing,reduce human intervention,shorten claims time,and have wide application prospects in the future.At the same time,insurance smart contracts as code contracts may have code loopholes and code flaws;they have a single closed nature;and legal risks such as conflicts between"decentralized"supervision and traditional supervision concepts.Therefore,under the development trend of the combination of smart contracts and insurance,taking scientific and technological governance as a logical clue,from the three levels of"technological drive","multiple coordination"and"unification of general principles and special tools"contained in scientific and technological governance,design the basic framework of insurance smart contract legal risk prevention,and then propose a specific legal path of"technical specifications-mechanism design-intelligent regulation".

关 键 词：区块链 保险智能合约 法律构造 法律风险 科技治理 

分 类 号：D922.284[政治法律—经济法学]