法院实施生态文明公共政策的典型方式与功能发挥  

The Typical Ways and Functions of the Courts'Enforcement of Public Policy of Ecological Civilization

作　　者：侯明明 Hou Mingming

机构地区：[1]吉林大学理论法学研究中心 [2]吉林大学法学院

出　　处：《法商研究》2023年第5期159-172,共14页Studies in Law and Business

基　　金：司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目(21SFB3003)。

摘　　要：在我国大力推进生态文明建设的背景下,法院实施生态文明公共政策在理论上具有充分的正当性。在实践中,法院一般通过转换为生态文明司法政策、抽象援引生态文明公共政策作为裁判理由、借用民法典“绿色原则”承载生态文明公共政策、将之作为生态环境后果主义裁判的依据等典型方式来实施生态文明公共政策,并且发挥着司法指引、裁判说理、依法裁判以及价值平衡等正向功能。但是,“依法裁判”逻辑下政策实施型环境司法的限度以及环境司法权与行政权的科学配置等因素,使得法院实施生态文明公共政策的功能发挥存在局限,应当从提升最高人民法院转换生态文明公共政策的能力、强化法院系统上下结合的整合式实施模式、实现环境司法与环境立法、执法的系统性功能协同、协调环境司法能动与克制之关系等路径加以补强,以使其功能发挥更佳。Under the background of the construction of ecological civilization in China,the courts not only play an important role in implementing the public policy of ecological civilization,but also have sufficient legitimacy in theory.The courts generally implement the public policy of ecological civilization by transforming it into the guiding ecological judicial policy,abstractly quoting the public policy of ecological civilization as the reason for judges,borrowing the"green principle"of Civil Code of the People's Republic of China to express the public policy,and taking it as the basis for the consequential judgment.Moreover,these ways mainly play the positive functions in judicial guidance,judgment reasoning,legal judgment and value balance.However,the limitation of policy-implemented environmental justice under the logic of"judging according to law",and the scientific allocation of environmental judicial power and administrative power make the function of courts to implement the public policy of ecological civilization play a very limited role,which can be reinforced by improving the ability of the Supreme People's Court to transform ecological civilization public policies,strengthening the integrated execution mode of the court system,realizing systematic functional synergy between environmental justice and environmental legislation and law enforcement,coordinating the relationship between environmental judicial activism and restraint.

关 键 词：生态文明 公共政策 政策实施 环境司法 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] D926.2[政治法律—法学]