两种典型煤矿用镐型截齿的微观组织与耐磨性研究  

Study on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Two Typical Cutting Picks in Coal Mines

作　　者：张佳豪 刘萌萌 吉鹏 杜双明[1] 刘二勇 蔡辉[1] 杜慧玲[1] ZHANG Jiahao;LIU Mengmeng;JI Peng;DU Shuangming;LIU Eryong;CAI Hui;DU Huiling(Sc hool of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Tongchuan Xinsheng Coal Machine Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Tongchuan 727000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学,陕西西安710054 [2]铜川欣盛煤机制造有限公司,陕西铜川727000

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2023年第14期46-50,54,共6页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51705415);中科院海洋新材料与应用技术重点实验室开放课题项目(2018K01);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021SF-469)。

摘　　要：截齿是煤矿开采损坏率最高的配件,其故障将会导致整个采煤工作的中断。研究选择某型号进口截齿和国产截齿为研究对象,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)对截齿的熔覆层、齿体、钎焊层和硬质合金等部分的显微组织和化学成分进行分析。随后,选择三体磨料磨损和动载荷冲击磨料磨损工况分析熔覆层的三体、冲击磨料磨损行为。结果表明:熔覆层的性能与WC增强相的含量和尺寸密切相关,其中高含量、大尺寸WC不仅改善了截齿熔覆层的硬度,还提升了截齿的低冲击三体抗磨损作用,耐磨性提升达63.28%。此外,提升截齿钎焊层的抗剪性能有助于降低截齿的脱齿、掉齿问题。因此,要综合从齿头、钎焊层、熔覆层和齿体等部分进行截齿的改善,最终实现截齿性能的综合提升。Cutting picks are the most damaged part in coal mining,and its failure leads to the interruption of the whole mining work.A model of imported and domestic picks were selected as research objects,and the microstructure and chemical composition of cladding layer,tooth body,brazing layer and cemented carbide of the picks were analyzed by SEM and EDS.Subsequently,three-body abrasive wear and dynamic load impact abrasive wear conditions were selected to analyze the three-body and impact abrasive wear behavior of cladding layer.The results show that the properties of cladding layer are closely related to the content and size of WC reinforcing phase.High content and large size WC not only improve the hardness of cladding layer on the picks,but also improve the low impact wear resistance of the picks,with the wear resistance increased by 63.28%.In addition,improving the shear resistance of the brazing layer on the picks reduces the problems of tooth removal and tooth loss of the picks.Therefore,it is necessary to comprehensively improve the performance of the picks from the bits,brazing layers,cladding layers and body parts,so as to achieve the comprehensive improvement of the performance of the picks.

关 键 词：镐型截齿 微观组织 耐磨性 三体磨料磨损 

分 类 号：TG174.44[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]