铝合金冷弧焊接熔滴过渡行为分析  

Analysis on Droplet Transfer Behavior in Cold Arc Weldingg of Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：黎国宁 张英乔[1] 李志勇[1] 魏守征 任杰亮 LI Guoning;ZHANG Yingqiao;LI Zhiyong;WEI Shouzheng;REN Jieliang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2023年第11期49-53,共5页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201901D111174)。

摘　　要：利用高速摄像系统和电流电压同步采集系统获得了5183铝合金焊丝冷弧以及传统短路过渡焊接过程的熔滴过渡高速图像及电流电压波形,并分析了熔滴过渡行为。通过对比冷弧焊接技术与传统短路焊接技术,发现冷弧焊接技术通过燃弧阶段电流控制,使短路过渡更早发生,有效缩短了熔滴过渡周期,减小了熔滴尺寸;通过短路阶段波形控制,降低了熔滴受到的排斥作用,增强了熔滴过渡的稳定性。同时,冷弧焊接技术降低了短路峰值电流,避免了短路结束瞬间的飞溅产生。采用送丝速度为8 m/min进行冷弧焊接时,燃弧阶段会发生瞬时短路,熔滴与熔池分离瞬间有时会造成飞溅。High-speed photography images and current-voltage waveform of droplet transfer in cold arc and traditional short-circuit transfer welding processes of 5183 aluminum alloy were obtained by using high-speed camera system and current-voltage synchronous acquisition system,and the droplet transfer behavior was analyzed.By comparing the cold arc welding technology with the traditional short circuit welding technology,it is found that the cold arc welding technology can shorten the droplet transfer period effectively and reduce the droplet size by controlling the current in the arc burning stage.The repulsive force to droplet is reduced and the stability of droplet transfer is enhanced by waveform control in short circuit stage.At the same time,the cold arc welding technology reduces the peak current of short circuit and avoids the spatter at the end of short circuit.During cold arc welding at wire feeding speed of 8 m/min,instantaneous short circuit occurs in the arc burning stage,and sometimes spatter occurs at the moment when the droplet and the molten pool are separated.

关 键 词：冷弧焊接 熔滴过渡 短路过渡 铝合金焊接 

分 类 号：TG444.4[金属学及工艺—焊接]