电容去离子过渡金属基电极设计及应用研究进展  

Research Progress in Design and Application of Transition Metal Electrode for Capacitive Deionization

作　　者：邢思阳 于飞 马杰[1,2] XING Si-Yang;YU Fei;MA Jie(Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Civil Engineering,Kashi University,Kashi 844008,China;College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,环境功能材料研究中心,上海200092 [2]喀什大学土木工程学院,喀什844008 [3]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306

出　　处：《应用化学》2023年第9期1215-1232,共18页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.22276137)资助。

摘　　要：电容去离子(Capacitive deionization,CDI)作为一种新兴的水淡化和离子分离方法,由于其离子选择性高、水回收率高和能耗低等优点受到广泛关注。与传统的基于碳电极的CDI相比,新兴的法拉第电极通过离子捕获的法拉第反应,提供了使得CDI的脱盐性能大幅提升的独特机会。而过渡金属基电极由于其高度可逆的法拉第响应,相对较高的导电性以及出色的理论赝电容值等优势,在CDI电极设计领域受到广泛关注。本文系统地归纳和梳理了过渡金属基电极在CDI应用中的材料分类,总结了针对其本征缺陷所进行改性工程,主要包括导电材料耦合、功能结构工程和缺陷工程等,并对其在海水淡化中的性能进行了总结;此外,从离子选择性分离、金属离子去除和营养元素回收等方面介绍了过渡金属基电极在CDI中的特定应用。最后,概述了剩余的挑战和研究方向,为未来的过渡金属基电极的开发与研究提供指导。Capacitive deionization(CDI),an emerging method for water desalination and ion separation,has received much attention due to its advantages of high ion selectivity,high water recovery and low energy consumption.Compared with the traditional carbon electrodes,the emerging Faraday electrode offers a unique opportunity to make the desalination performance of CDI significantly improved through the Faraday reaction of ion capture.Transition metal-based electrodes have received much attention in the field of CDI electrode design due to their highly reversible Faraday response,relatively high conductivity,and excellent theoretical pseudocapacitance values.In this paper,we systematically summarize and sort out the material classification of transition metal-based electrodes in CDI applications,and summarize the modification engineering performed for their intrinsic defects,mainly including conductive material coupling,functional architecture engineering and defect engineering,etc.,and summarize their performance in CDI applications;in addition,the specific applications of transition metal-based electrodes in CDI are particularly introduced in terms of ion selective separation,metal ion removal and nutrient element recovery.Finally,the paper also outlines the remaining challenges and research directions to provide guidance for future development and research of transition metal chemical substance electrodes.

关 键 词：电容去离子 脱盐 过渡金属 电极设计 离子吸附 

分 类 号：O614[理学—无机化学]