劳动力人力资本、非农就业与农户减贫——兼对教育和健康作用差异的再检验  

Human Capital of Labor Force,Non-Agricultural Employment and Poverty Reduction of Farmer Households:And Retesting of the Differences between the Effects of Education and Health

作　　者：王图展[1] 潘娟 WANG Tu-zhan;PAN Juan(Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学农村经济与管理研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《江西财经大学学报》2023年第4期91-104,共14页Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“生鲜电商纵向协作的内生机理及对自身成长性的影响研究”(18YJA790083);西南大学创新研究2035先导计划(SWUPilot Plan026);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目“橙类生鲜电商纵向协作对成长性的影响研究”(SWU1709213)。

摘　　要：为防范返贫和缓解相对贫困,细分人力资本维度并基于贫困的多重视角,总结我国提升农村劳动力人力资本对促进非农就业、农户减贫的成功经验。基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的四期面板数据,结果表明:更高水平的劳动力人力资本有利于促进农户消除绝对贫困、缓解相对贫困和降低贫困脆弱性,且教育的边际作用大于健康;劳动力非农就业在人力资本促进农户减贫过程中具有中介效应,且在教育降低农户贫困脆弱性方面作用相对更大;不过,家庭抚养负担反向调节劳动力非农就业的中介效应。上述结论的政策含义在于,未来防范农村返贫致贫及治理相对贫困值得延续以往的有益经验及道路,大力提升劳动力人力资本和促进劳动力非农就业,特别是坚持发展教育扶贫,通过扶智赋能来持续解决贫困问题。In order to prevent returning to poverty and relieve the relative poverty,this paper subdivides the dimensions of human capital and summarizes the successive experiences of China in promoting non-agricultural employment and reducing poverty of farmer households by improving the human capital of rural labor force from the multi-perspective of poverty.Based on the four phase panel data of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),the findings show that higher levels of human capital of labor force are conducive to the improvement of the elimination of absolute poverty of farmer households,the alleviation of relative poverty and the reduction of poverty vulnerability,and that the marginal effect of education is greater than that of health.The non-agricultural employment of labor force has the intermediary effect in the process of human capital promoting the poverty reduction of farmer households,and this effect is relatively greater in education reducing farmer households'vulnerability to poverty.However,the family support burden will reversely regulate the intermediary role of non-agricultural employment of labor force.The policy implications of the above conclusionsare that the prevention of future returning to poverty and the governance of the relative poverty in rural areas is worth continuing the past successful experiences and roads,that the human capital of labor force should be vigorously improved and the non-agricultural employment of labor force should be promoted,and that the development of educational poverty alleviation should be especially insisted,so as to continuously solve the problem of poverty through supporting and empowering the educated farmers.

关 键 词：劳动力 人力资本 非农就业 农户贫困 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]