碳酸酐酶的固定化及其在二氧化碳转化中的应用  

Immobilization of carbonic anhydrase and its application in carbon dioxide conversion

作　　者：詹悦 王新[1] 宋雨轩 时翔宇 ZHAN Yue;WANG Xin;SONG Yuxuan;SHI Xiangyu(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang,110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学环境与化学工程学院,沈阳110870

出　　处：《环境化学》2023年第9期3157-3166,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21976124);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101300059)资助.

摘　　要：碳酸酐酶(CA)作为生物系统中典型的含锌金属酶,可高效催化CO_(2)的可逆水合反应.为了提高CA在实际工业应用中的利用率,本文介绍了传统固定化方法和新型固定化方法(交联酶聚集体和纳米花),阐述了CA催化CO_(2)的水合机理,总结了固定化CA矿化CO_(2)生成CaCO_(3);CA促进单一溶剂(纯水、碳酸盐溶剂和醇胺溶剂)和混合溶剂吸收、解吸CO_(2);固定化多酶级联(碳酸酐酶、甲酸脱氢酶、甲醛脱氢酶、乙醇脱氢酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶)催化CO_(2)生产甲酸和甲醇的过程,以及其实际工业应用的最新进展.未来的研究方向应集中于从转基因生物中提取大量CA,进一步研究CAs相关基因的生理作用和代谢途径,制备高性能的载体和研发先进的固定化方法.Carbonic anhydrase(CA),as a typical zinc-containing metalloenzyme in biological systems,which can efficiently catalyze the reversible hydration of CO_(2).In order to improve the utilization of CA in practical industrial applications,traditional immobilization methods and novel immobilization methods(cross-linked enzyme aggregates and nanoflowers)are introduced in this paper,and the mechanism of CA-catalyzed CO_(2)hydration is described.The process of immobilized CA mineralizing CO_(2)to generate CaCO_(3)is expounded.The procedure of CA to promote the absorption and desorption of CO_(2)in single solvent(pure water,carbonate solvent and alcohol amine solvent)and mixed solvent is summarized.The procedure of immobilized multi-enzyme cascades(carbonic anhydrase,formate dehydrogenase,formaldehyde dehydrogenase,alcohol dehydrogenase,and glutamate dehydrogenase)catalyzing CO_(2)to produce formic acid and methanol,and the latest progress in its practical industrial application are reviewed.Future research directions should focus on extracting large amounts of CA from transgenic organisms,further studying the physiological roles and metabolic pathways of CAs-related genes,as well as preparing high-performance carriers and developing advanced immobilization methods.

关 键 词：碳酸酐酶 固定化 二氧化碳转化 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q814.2[生物学—生物工程]