和田地区大气污染物与肺结核发病关系的研究  

Study on relationship between air pollutants and pulmonary tuberculosis in Hotan area

作　　者：高春洁 王迎丹 吴梦娟 张涛[1] 王蕾[2] GAO Chunjie;WANG Yingdan;WU Mengjuan;ZHANG Tao;WANG Lei(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830017,China;Medical Engineering and Technology College,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830017,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆医科大学医学工程技术学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第16期2173-2178,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12061079);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2019D01C206)。

摘　　要：目的评估大气污染物对和田地区肺结核发病的影响。方法收集2015—2018年和田地区肺结核发病数和同期的大气污染物及气象数据,利用主成分分析消除大气污染物之间的共线性,考虑控制时间的长期趋势、季节效应和气象因子等混杂因素,建立半参数广义相加模型,通过极大似然法得到参数估计值,计算相对危险度,评价大气污染物对肺结核发病的影响。结果当大气污染物中细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))与可吸入颗粒物(inhalable particulate matter,PM_(10))的浓度每增加10μg/m^(3)时,和田地区肺结核的发病风险分别增加5.4%(95%CI:3.8%~7.0%)与5.0%(95%CI:3.4%~6.6%)。结论和田地区PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)与肺结核发病的关联性较大,颗粒物污染是影响和田地区肺结核发病的主要污染物。Objective To study the impact of air pollutants on the incidence of tuberculosis in Hotan area.Methods The cases of pulmonary tuberculosis,the air pollutants and meteorological data in Hotan area from 2015 to 2018 were collected.The method of principal component analysis was used to eliminate the collinearity among multiple air pollutants.After controlling the confounding factors such as long-term trend of time,seasonal effects,and meteorological factors,a semi-parametric generalized additive model was established.The maximum likelihood method was used to estimate the parameter values for this model and then the relative risk was calculated to evaluate the effect of multiple air pollutants on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis.Results The risk of pulmonary tuberculosis separately increased by 5.4%(95%CI:3.8%-7.0%)and 5.0%(95%CI:3.4%-6.6%)when the concentrations of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and inhalable particulate matter(PM_(10))in air pollutants increased by 10μg/m^(3) respectively.Conclusion The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Hotan areais highly correlated with PM_(2.5) and PM_(10),thus,the particulate matters are the main pollutant affecting the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Hotan area.

关 键 词：肺结核 半参数广义相加模型 主成分分析 大气污染物 

分 类 号：R181.34[医药卫生—流行病学]