尖边喷嘴磨料水射流特性分析及对去除函数轮廓的影响  

Characteristics Analysis of Abrasive Water Jet from Pointed Nozzle and Its Influence on Profile of Removal Function

作　　者：林琳[1,2] 赵志磊 蒋东岑 张云朋 尤晖 LIN Lin;ZHAO Zhi-lei;JIANG Dong-cen;ZHANG Yun-peng;YOU Hui(School of Mechanical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004;Guangxi Key Lab of Manufacturing System and Advanced Manufacturing Technology,Nanning,Guangxi 530004)

机构地区：[1]广西大学机械工程学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西制造系统与先进制造技术重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《液压与气动》2023年第9期116-129,共14页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：广西制造系统与先进制造技术重点实验室主任课题(15-140-305005);广西八桂学者专项经费(2019A02);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2019KY0020)。

摘　　要：磨料水射流抛光喷嘴的出口形状对射流特性及去除函数轮廓有重要影响,从而影响加工质量和效率。因此设计了圆形、三角形、方形、线形四种出口形状的喷嘴,通过数值模拟、射流微观及定点去除实验分析不同喷嘴的射流特性及对去除函数轮廓的影响。研究结果表明在低靶距内,三角形喷嘴射流动量在空气中更易损失,冲击压力更小。射流的发散性与射流初始段和基本段的长度呈负相关,其中尖边喷嘴射流更易发散,材料去除深度对喷射靶距更敏感。不同喷嘴去除函数轮廓俯平面形状和喷嘴形状相似,其中圆形、三角形、方形喷嘴去除函数截面轮廓为“W”形,有尖端角的三角形和方形喷嘴材料去除均匀性较差,线形喷嘴去除函数的截面轮廓为“V”形,材料去除深度相对圆形喷嘴提高了140%。The outlet shape of abrasive water jet polishing nozzle has an important effect on jet characteristics and removal function profile,to affect the machining quality and efficiency.Therefore,four nozzles with exit shapes of circle,triangle,square and linear were designed.The jet characteristics of different nozzles and their influences on the contour of removal function were analyzed by numerical simulation,jet microcosmic and fixed-point removal experiments.The results show that the momentum of the triangular nozzle is more easily lost in the air and the impact pressure is smaller at low target distance.The divergence of the jet is negatively correlated with the length of the initial and basic jet segments,in which the jet from the pointed nozzle is more likely to diverge,and the material removal depth is more sensitive to the distance of the jet target.The plane shape and nozzle shape of different nozzle removal function profiles are similar,among which the cross-section contour of circular,triangular and square nozzle removal function is “W” shape,the material removal uniformity of triangular and square nozzle with tip Angle is poor,the cross-section contour of linear nozzle removal function is “V” shape,and the material removal depth of linear nozzle is increased by 140% compared with that of circular nozzle.

关 键 词：磨料水射流抛光 喷嘴形状 数值模拟 去除函数 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH16