水肥一体化技术对烤烟生育期钾氯变化的影响  

Effect of water and fertilizer integration on potassium and chloridechanges in different reproductive stages of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：马扬扬 陈思原 吴志高 周航 卢平 陈红丽[1] MA Yangyang;CHEN Siyuan;WU Zhigao;ZHOU Hang;LU Ping;CHEN Hongli(College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China;Fujian China Tobacco Industry Co.,LTD.,Xiamen,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]福建中烟工业有限公司,福建厦门350003

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第10期52-62,共11页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：福建中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划项目(2021350000340469)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究水肥一体化技术对烤烟不同生育期钾、氯离子吸收规律的影响,为烤烟质量调控提供参考。【方法】以云烟99为研究对象,设置灌水与施肥方式2个因素,以当地常规施肥灌水方式(漫灌)为对照(CK),设计滴灌处理(T1)、水肥一体化处理(T2)、减肥10%的水肥一体化处理(T3)3个滴水灌肥处理,分别研究不同处理烤烟移栽40~90 d内叶片、茎部和根部钾、氯含量的变化,并与同时期相对应的土壤钾、氯含量进行相关性分析。【结果】(1)与移栽后40 d相比,移栽后90 d CK、T1、T2和T3处理烤烟叶片钾含量分别降低了57.26%,54.38%,49.38%和55.77%,降低幅度表现为CK>T3>T1>T2;各处理叶片钾含量占烟株钾离子总量的比例分别降低了24.23%,26.28%,16.13%和22.30%,下降幅度表现为T1>CK>T3>T2。CK、T1、T2和T3处理烤烟叶片氯含量分别降低了1.08%,1.70%,29.69%和48.44%,降低幅度表现为T3>T2>T1>CK;T1、T3处理叶片氯含量占烟株氯离子总量的比例有所下降,分别下降了1.31%和13.07%,下降幅度表现为T3>T1。(2)与移栽后40 d相比,移栽后90 d各处理烤烟茎部钾、氯含量均有所下降,下降幅度均表现为T3>T2>CK>T1。除CK处理外,其余处理茎部钾含量占烟株钾离子总量的比例均有所下降,且下降幅度表现为T3>T2>T1;除T3处理外,CK、T1、T2处理烤烟茎部氯含量占烟株氯离子总量的比例均有所下降,下降幅度表现为T2>CK>T1。(3)在烤烟移栽后的40~90 d,除CK处理外,其余处理烤烟根部钾含量均有所上升,上升幅度表现为T3>T1>T2;各处理根部钾含量占烟株钾离子总量的比例均有所上升,上升幅度表现为T3>T1>T2>CK。除T1处理外,其余处理根部氯含量均有所下降,下降幅度表现为CK>T2>T3;氯含量占烟株氯离子总量的比例除CK处理下降外,T1、T2、T3处理均有所上升,上升幅度表现为T3>T1>T2。(4)在移栽后90 d,CK、T1、T2处理0~40 cm土层土壤钾含量均较移栽后40 d有所下降【Objective】The effect of water and fertilizer integration on the absorption of potassium and chloride ions in different growth stages of flue-cured tobacco was studied to provide reference for the quality control of flue-cured tobacco.【Method】Yunyan 99 was selected for treatments with two factors of irrigation and fertilization methods.Using local conventional fertilization irrigation method as the control(CK),and the experimental groups included conventional fertilization drip irrigation(T1),drip irrigation and fertilization(T2)and 10%reduced fertilizer by drip irrigation(T3).The changes of potassium and chlorine contents in flue-cured tobacco leaves,stems and roots in different treatments within 40 to 90 days after transplanting were studied,and the relationships with corresponding soil potassium and chlorine contents were analyzed.【Result】①Compared with 40 days after transplanting,potassium contents in flue-cured tobacco leaves of CK,T1,T2 and T3 after 90 days of transplanting decreased by 57.26%,54.38%,49.38%and 55.77%respectively,with the order of CK>T3>T1>T2.The proportions of potassium contents in leaves to the total in tobacco plants decreased by 24.23%,26.28%,16.13%and 22.30%,with the order of T1>CK>T3>T2.Chlorine contents in flue-cured tobacco leaves in CK,T1,T2 and T3 decreased by 1.08%,1.70%,29.69%and 48.44%,with the order of T3>T2>T1>CK.The percentages of chloride contents in leaves to the total in tobacco plants in T1 and T3 treatments decreased by 1.31%and 13.07%,respectively.②Compared with 40 days after transplanting,contents of potassium and chlorine in stems of flue-cured tobacco in all treatments decreased after 90 days of transplanting,and the decreasing ranges were in the order of T3>T2>CK>T1.Except in CK,the proportions of potassium contents in stems to the total in tobacco plants in other treatments decreased,with the order of T3>T2>T1.Except in T3,the proportions of chlorine contents in stems to the total in tobacco plants in CK,T1 and T2 decreased,and the decreasing ranges

关 键 词：水肥一体化 烟草栽培 钾含量 氯含量 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]