苏台庙地区砂岩型铀矿地震成像品质提升技术研究  

Research on seismic imaging quality improvement technology of sandstone type uranium deposits in Sutaimiao area

作　　者：杨晓柳 张伟[1,2,3] 宁媛丽 孟锐[1,2,3] 祁程 赵威 朱圣伟[1,2,3] 王若雯 YANG Xiaoliu;ZHANG Wei;NING Yuanli;MENG Rui;QI Cheng;ZHAO Wei;ZHU Shengwei;WANG Ruowen(Aribore Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry,Shijiazhuang 050002,Hebei,China;CNNC Key Laboratory for Geophysical Exploration Technology Center of Urannium Resource,Shijiazhuang 050002,Hebei,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Technology,Shijiazhuang 050002,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业航测遥感中心,河北石家庄050002 [2]中核集团铀资源地球物理勘查技术中心重点实验室,河北石家庄050002 [3]河北省航空探测与遥感技术重点实验室,河北石家庄050002

出　　处：《矿产与地质》2023年第4期776-787,共12页Mineral Resources and Geology

基　　金：中国核工业地质局“内蒙古鄂尔多斯市苏台庙地区地震勘探项目”(202101-6)。

摘　　要：苏台庙地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地北部,砂岩型铀矿资源储量丰富。地震勘探作为一种高精度地球物理勘查手段,被广泛应用于铀矿勘查。由于目标层埋深介于400~890 m之间,层位较浅,若将常规地震采集参数应用于铀矿勘查存在浅层有效覆盖次数不足,资料信噪比和分辨率偏低等问题,使得浅层成像不清晰。此外,研究区低速带厚度、速度变化较大,表层结构复杂,造成一定静校正问题,降低地震成像质量。为了提升该区地震资料成像品质,开展了采集参数优化设计、数据处理关键技术等方法探索。实践表明:采用小道距、合适的最大炮检距、高覆盖、可控震源强能量宽频激发、低频检波器接收的地震数据采集方案,结合高精度静校正、拓频处理等针对性处理方法,能够获得高品质、高分辨率地震剖面,为精确刻画小断裂提供了良好的数据基础,对研究区铀成矿环境的深入研究具有重要意义。Sutaimiao area is located in the north of the Ordos basin,with abundant sandstone type uranium resources.As a high precision geophysical exploration method,seismic exploration is widely used in uranium exploration.Because the buried depth of the target layer is between 400-890 m,if conventional seismic acquisition parameters are applied to uranium exploration,there are insufficient shallow effective coverage times,low data signal-to-noise ratio and resolution,which make the shallow imaging unclear.In addition,the thickness and velocity of the low velocity zone in the study area vary greatly,and the surface structure is complex,which causes some static correction problems and reduces the quality of seismic imaging.In order to improve the imaging quality of seismic data in this area,methods such as optimization design of acquisition parameters and key technology of data processing have been explored.The practice shows that the high quality and high resolution seismic profile can be obtained by adopting the appropriate seismic data acquisition scheme of maximum offset,high coverage,strong energy broadband excitation of vibroseis,and low frequency geophone reception,combined with the targeted processing methods such as high-precision static correction and extension frequency processing,which provides a good data basis for accurately characterizing small faults,and there is a great significance for the in-depth study of uranium mineralization environment in the study area.

关 键 词：砂岩型铀矿 地震成像品质 采集参数优选 数据处理 苏台庙地区 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P619.14[天文地球—地质学]