镉胁迫对3种草坪草生理特性及叶片超微结构的影响  

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Physiological Activities and Leaf Ultrastructures of Three Turfgrass Species

作　　者：张秀娟[1] 范玟 杨乐 吴楚[1] 杨永胜[2] ZHANG Xiu-juan;FAN Wen;YANG Le;WU Chu;YANG Yong-sheng(College of Horticulture and Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei province 434025,China;Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qinghai Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,Qinghai Province 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室,中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第9期2663-2670,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院青海省人民政府三江源国家公园联合研究专项子课题(LHZX-2020-07);长江大学植物生态与环境修复研究所课题(201606);长江大学2022年大学生创新创业训练计划项目基金(Yz2022333)资助。

摘　　要：重金属胁迫是常见的环境胁迫之一,对植物的生长发育及其生产力和生态功能具有重大影响。为探究不同草坪草种对镉胁迫的生理差异及耐性机制,并将其合理应用至景观营造,本研究以白三叶(Trifolium repens)、高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)和黑麦草(Lolium perenne)为试验材料,采用盆栽试验法,将Cd2+处理浓度设置为:0,200,500,1 000,2 000 mg·kg^(-1)。经处理60 d后测定草坪草各项生理指标并观察叶片细胞超微结构。结果表明:随Cd2+浓度增加,3种草坪草的光合色素含量呈下降趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化物酶(Peroxidase, POD)活性和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde, MDA)含量总体上为上升趋势,过氧化氢酶(Catalase, CAT)活性呈先升后降趋势;高浓度的镉胁迫对3种草坪草叶片超微结构造成损伤,其叶绿体内基粒片层结构模糊或溶解,部分细胞发生质壁分离。因此,建议在Cd污染较重的土壤选用高羊茅和黑麦草,Cd污染较轻的土壤选用白三叶。Heavy metal stress is one of main environmental stresses and greatly affects growth and development of plants and their productivity and ecological functions.In order to investigate the physiological differences and tolerance mechanisms of different turfgrass species to cadmium stress,and to apply them to landscape creation in a rational way,three turfgrass species,i.e.,Trifolium repens,Festuca arundinacea,and Lolium perenne,were used as the experimental materials in the present study.A cadmium concentration gradient was set,i.e.,0,200,500,1000,and 2000 mg·kg^(-1).After being treated for 60 day,the physiological activities and the ultrastructures of leaf cells were investigated.The results showed that the photosynthetic pigments content of the three turfgrasses showed a decreasing trend with increasing Cd 2+concentration,the levels of activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)content totally increased,and the activities of catalase(CAT)showed irregular changes,as Cd 2+concentrations increased.The damages to the ultrastructures of the leaves in three turfgrasses species were caused by the high Cd 2+concentrations.Meanwhile,the grana lamellae of chloroplasts were blurred or dissolved,and even induced cells plasmolysis.Our results suggest that F.arundinacea and L.perenne could be used in soils polluted by high Cd concentrations,and T.repens could be used in soils polluted by low Cd concentrations.

关 键 词：镉胁迫 白三叶 高羊茅 黑麦草 生理特性 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]