不同坡向下高寒矿区混播草地的恢复效果评估  

Evaluation on Restoration Effects of Mixed Sowing Artificial Grasslands inAlpine Mining Area with Different Slope Aspects

作　　者：刘青青 赫苗花 李飞 王晓丽[1] 邢云飞 李思瑶 张海蓉 施建军[1] LIU Qing-qing;HE Miao-hua;LI Fei;WANG Xiao-li;XING Yun-fei;LI Si-yao;ZHANG Hai-rong;SHI Jian-jun(Qinghai University/Qinghai Academy of Animal Science,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;Guangdong China Coal Geological and Ecological Environment Co.,LTD.,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510440,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学/青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]广东中煤地质生态环境有限公司,广东广州510440

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第9期2834-2842,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201600)

摘　　要：为科学评价不同坡向及混播组合对高寒矿区人工草地健康的影响。本研究以青海省木里聚乎更矿区的人工草地为研究对象,研究了不同坡向及混播组合下的草地植被生物量、群落结构和物种多样性,并运用基况-活力-组织力-恢复力(Condition-Vitality-Organizational-Resilience, CVOR)综合指数对草地的恢复效果和健康状况进行评估。结果表明:不同坡向下混播草地的草地生产力、香农维纳多样性、植物功能群组成均存在显著差异(P<0.05);随着混播草种的增加,不同坡向的草地地上盖度、生物量、土壤有机碳均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,香农维纳多样性均呈现下降趋势;同一混播措施下,平地的地上生物量、香农维纳多样性及禾本科牧草比例均显著高于阳坡和阴坡;草地的CVOR指数介于0.71~0.89之间,健康状况均为健康和警戒。由此可见,坡向和混播草种均能影响草地植被生长,高寒矿区草地生态恢复应因地制宜,考虑坡向等环境因素。In order to scientifically evaluate the effects of different slope aspects and mixed seeding combinations on the health of artificial grassland in alpine mining areas,the aboveground biomass,community structure and species diversity of artificial grassland vegetations were studied in the Muli juhugeng mining area of Qinghai Province,and the CV0R composite index was used to do that evaluation.The results showed that:(1)There were significant differences in the grassland productivity,Shannon Wiener diversity index and plant functional group composition in mixed sowing artificial grassland withs different slopes(P<0.05).With the increase of mixed grass species,the coverage,aboveground biomass and soil organic carbon of different mixed sowing combinations in different slope aspects all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and Shannon Wiener diversity index displayed a decreasing trend.(2)For the same mixed sowing combination,the vegetation coverage,aboveground biomass,Shannon Wiener diversity index and grass species ratio in the flat ground were significantly higher than those counterparts on the sunny slope and shady slope.(3)The CVOR indexes of the grasslands were between 0.71 and 0.89 with a health status in healthy or vigilant ranking.It can be inferred that both slope aspects and mixed grass species could affect the growth of grassland vegetation,and the measurements for ecological restoration of grassland in alpine mining areas should be adapted to local environmental conditions or factors,the slope aspects,such as a factor,should be taken into a consideration.

关 键 词：混播 高寒矿区 健康评价 CVOR指数 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]