鲜羊粪添加对中度盐碱退化羊草草地植被及土壤特征的影响  

Effects of Fresh Sheep Manure Addition on Vegetation and Soil Characteristics of Moderately Saline-Alkali Degraded Leymus chinensis Grassland

作　　者：赵宇 李思宇 董博文 汪洋 李炬 邹鹏辉 孙晓坤 于方舟 常峰 曲善民 ZHAO Yu;LI Siyu;DONG Bowen;WANG Yang;LI Ju;ZOU Penghui;SUN Xiaokun;YU Fangzhou;CHANG Feng;QU Shanmin(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;Heilongjiang Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for The Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology,Daqing 163319,China;Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Feed Resources and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]北大荒现代农业产业技术协同创新中心,黑龙江大庆163319 [3]黑龙江省寒区饲料资源高效利用与营养调控重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2023年第9期57-65,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：黑龙江八一农垦大学学成、引进人才科研启动计划项目(XDB202104、XYB201813);大庆市新能源领域“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2021BD05)。

摘　　要：为了探究添加鲜羊粪对盐碱退化羊草草地的影响,以黑龙江省西部中度盐碱退化羊草草地为试验对象,分析不同鲜羊粪添加量对草地植物群落特征、土壤盐碱特性及土壤团聚体稳定性的影响。试验采用单因素随机区组设计,设置对照,羊粪添加量1.25 kg/m^(2)、2.50 kg/m^(2)、3.75 kg/m^(2)、5.00 kg/m^(2)共5个处理,羊粪添加处理持续60 d。结果表明:随着羊粪添加量的增加,植物群落高度和群落盖度呈显著上升趋势(P<0.05);施用羊粪2.50 kg/m^(2)时,植被地上生物量显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),单位面积鲜重增长了92.64%,干重增长了62.11%;添加羊粪能够提高土壤含水量,显著降低土壤电导率,羊粪添加量为2.50 kg/m^(2)和5.00 kg/m^(2)时,0~10 cm土层土壤电导率显著低于其他处理(P<0.05);羊粪添加能够显著改善盐碱退化羊草草地的土壤团聚体组成(P<0.05),增加5~10 mm粒径土壤团聚体所占比重,极显著提高土壤平均质量直径和平均几何直径(P<0.01),羊粪添加量为2.50 kg/m^(2)时,0~10 cm土壤团聚体稳定性最高。因此,本研究得出添加鲜羊粪最适用量为2.50 kg/m^(2),能够对退化羊草草地生态恢复起到良好的正向促进作用。The objective of this study was to explore the effect of adding different levels of fresh sheep manure on the characteristics of plant communities,soil saline-alkali properties,and soil aggregate stability in severely saline-alkali degraded Leymus chinensis grassland in the western part of Heilongjiang Province.Five treatments were established in accordance with a single factor randomized block design,including a control group and sheep manure addition groups(for a duration of 60 d)with application rates of 1.25 kg/m^(2),2.50 kg/m^(2),3.75 kg/m^(2)and 5.00 kg/m^(2).The results showed notable increase in plant community height and vegetation coverage following the application of sheep manure(P<0.05).When sheep manure was administrated at a rate of 2.50 kg/m^(2),the above ground biomass of vegetation was significantly higher than that of other treatments(P<0.05),with increase of fresh weight per unit area and dry weight by 92.64%and 62.11%,respectively.The addition of sheep manure led to an augmentation in soil water content and a significantly reduction in soil conductivity.Specifically,the soil conductivity in the 0~10 cm soil layer within the 2.50 kg/m^(2)and 5.00 kg/m^(2)sheep manure addition treatments was significantly lower than that of other treatments(P<0.05).Additionally,the application of sheep manure contributed significantly to the improvement of soil aggregate composition in the severely saline-alkali degraded L.chinensis grassland(P<0.05).This improvement was reflected in the increased proportion of soil aggregates within the 5~10 mm size range,along with improvements in the mean mass diameter and geometric mean diameter of the soil(P<0.01).Furthermore,the 0~10 cm soil aggregates demonstrated the highest stability when sheep manure was applied at a rate of 2.50 kg/m^(2).In conclusion,the optimal application rate of fresh sheep manure was 2.50 kg/m^(2),as this demonstrated the most favorable outcomes for promoting the ecological restoration of degraded L.chinensis grassland.

关 键 词：盐碱草地 鲜羊粪 地上生物量 土壤团聚体 植被恢复 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]