博士生科研产出的性别差异研究——基于个体、他人和制度环境的三维分析  

A Study of Gender Differences in Doctoral Student Research Output——A Three-dimensional Analysis based on Individuals,Others and Institutional Environment

作　　者：张玉丹 李海生 ZHANG Yudan;LI Haisheng(Institute of Higher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《研究生教育研究》2023年第5期1-12,共12页Journal of Graduate Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)一般课题“博士研究生科研产出性别分化生成机制及对策研究”(BIA170219);上海市研究生教育学会重点课题“博士生拔尖创新人才成长机制、困境及对策研究”(ShsgeZ202202)。

摘　　要：博士生科研产出存在明显性别差异,该差异受个体、他人和制度环境等多重因素形构。本文运用Oaxaca-Blinder分解和Shapley值分解法,系统探讨了各因素对博士生科研产出性别差异的影响效应。Oaxaca-Blinder分解结果显示,由科研生产力差异导致的博士生科研产出性别差异占52.41%,性别不平等效应占47.59%。Shapley值分解发现,他人维度中的非正式学术网络、学术期许等因素和制度环境支持对男博士生科研产出的贡献远高于女博士生,个体维度的努力程度、科研时长、性别角色观念和他人维度的正式学术网络对女博士生科研产出作用更大。女博士生群体取得更好的学术发展,需充分加强他人和制度环境层面的外部支持,同时个体应自觉将性别平等意识融汇于学术活动之中。There is a significant gender difference in doctoral student research output,which is shaped by multiple factors such as individual,others and institutional environment.This paper systematically explores the effects of various factors on gender differences in doctoral student research output with the application of the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition and Shapley value decomposition.The results of the OB decomposition show that 52.41%of gender differences in doctoral student research output are due to differences in research productivity and 47.59%are due to gender inequality effect.The Shapley value decomposition finds that factors such as informal academic networks,academic expectations and institutional environment support in the others dimension contribute much more to the research output of male PhD students than those of the female,while the efforts from individual dimension,research hours,gender role perceptions,and formal academic network in the others dimension play a greater role in the research output of female PhD students.This paper suggests that for female PhD students to achieve better academic development,external support from others and institutional environment should be strengthened,and individuals should consciously integrate gender equality awareness into their academic activities.

关 键 词：博士生科研产出 性别差异 OAXACA-BLINDER分解 Shapley值分解 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]