中国区域创新体系效能的空间差异和动态演进  

Spatial Difference and Dynamic Evolution of Regional Innovation System Efficiency of China

作　　者：彭绪庶[1,2] 张宙材 Peng Xushu;Zhang Zhoucai(Institute of Quantitative&Technological Economic,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China;Laboratory of China's Economic and Social Development&Smart Governance,Beijing 100732,China;University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所,北京100732 [2]中国经济社会发展与智能治理实验室,北京100732 [3]中国社会科学院大学,北京102488

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第14期1-15,共15页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：中国社会科学院哲学社会科学创新工程项目“提升创新体系效能研究”(CASS2022IQTE08)。

摘　　要：区域创新能力评价并不能综合反映区域创新体系建设的全貌,因此有必要从区域创新体系内涵出发构建科学的指标体系以反映和测度区域创新体系的整体效能。由此,以中国30个省份为对象,构建测度区域创新体系效能的概念模型和指标体系,注重同时选择规模指标和强度指标,采取指数合成方法并综合运用基尼系数、核密度估计和马尔可夫链分析等方法测算30个省份2012—2020年创新体系效能的空间分布、演进特征和趋势。结果发现:中国区域创新体系效能均呈上升态势,但其指数呈梯度分布和非均衡分布,且省域间和不同创新水平地区间创新体系效能差距不断扩大;相比创新指数领先地位,创新指数较低地区发生动态转移的概率相对较高,但均未发生跨区等级转移现象,省域创新体系效能加速分化使中国区域创新体系效能空间分布与演进呈现以少数省域为代表的创新极化不断加强,以多数省域为代表的区域创新体系效能趋于低水平固化等发展趋势。为改进中国区域创新合作、更好实施创新驱动发展战略,西部和东北地区需深入实施创新驱动发展战略同时国家需加大对其支持,创新极需发挥带动作用,区域创新体系要协同、协调发展。The evaluation of regional innovation capabilities alone cannot comprehensively reflect the overall construction of a regional innovation system,therefore,it is necessary to construct a scientific indicator system that reflects and measures the overall effectiveness of the regional innovation system based on the connotation of the system.This paper focuses on 30 provinces in China and constructs a conceptual model and indicator system to measure the effectiveness of the regional innovation system.It emphasizes the selection of both scale and intensity indicators,adopts an index synthesis method,and comprehensively uses methods such as the Gini coefficient,kernel density estimation,and Markov chain analysis to calculate the spatial distribution,evolutionary characteristics,and trends of the innovation system effectiveness in the 30 provinces from 2012 to 2020.The results show that the effectiveness of the regional innovation systems in China exhibits an overall upward trend,however,the effectiveness index shows a gradient distribution and uneven distribution,and the gap in innovation system effectiveness between provinces and regions at different innovation levels continues to widen;compared to regions with high innovation indexes,regions with lower innovation indexes have a relatively higher probability of experiencing dynamic shifts,however,there are no crossregional shifts in innovation levels,the accelerated differentiation of provincial innovation system effectiveness has led to an increasing polarization of the spatial distribution and evolution of the regional innovation system in China,with a few provinces representing innovation polarization becoming stronger while the majority of provinces tend to have low-level and solidified innovation system effectiveness.To improve regional innovation cooperation in China and better implement the innovation-driven development strategy,the western and northeastern regions need to implement the innovation-driven development strategy more deeply,while the central govern

关 键 词：创新体系效能 区域创新 创新指数 指数合成法 基尼系数 核密度估计 马尔可夫链 空间分布 动态演进 

分 类 号：G302.2[文化科学] F224[经济管理—国民经济] G301