废旧锂电池正极材料的回收再利用研究  

Investigation the recycling and reusing ofthe waste lithium-ion battery cathode materials

作　　者：张志伟 王海燕[2] 张琦[2] 杨建新[2] 汤彬[2] 李睿[2] 范晋平 王皓[1] 李双寿[2] 林万明[1] ZHANG Zhiwei;WANG Haiyan;ZHANG Qi;YANG Jianxin;TANG Bin;LI Rui;FAN Jinping;WANG Hao;LI Shuangshou;LIN Wanming(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Fundamental Industry Training Center,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030024 [2]清华大学基础工业训练中心,北京100084

出　　处：《功能材料》2023年第9期9203-9210,共8页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：清华大学实验室创新基金项目(53100500121);清华大学新型陶瓷与精细工艺国家重点实验室开放基金项目(KF202010)。

摘　　要：研究了苹果酸作为浸出剂和还原剂,H_(2)O_(2)作为辅助还原剂,还原浸出废旧锂电池中的Ni、Co、Mn等有价金属,并探讨了不同反应条件对有价金属浸出效率的影响。同时,采用溶胶-凝胶法,以浸出液为原料,原位合成了LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_(2)三元正极材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和电化学测试对再合成三元正极材料进行结构和电化学性能的表征。结果表明,在苹果酸浓度为2.5 mol/L、固液比120 g/L、浸出时间80 min、浸出温度90℃、H_(2)O_(2)用量10%(体积分数)的浸出条件下,有价金属的复合浸出率达到97.5%。同时,再合成材料具有良好的结晶性能,且再合成材料在1C充放电100次后比容量为103.4 mAh/g,容量保持率85.5%,经倍率充放电后,容量恢复率为92.32%。In this work,the valuable metal was recycled and reused by using malic acid as leaching agent and H_(2)O_(2)as reducing agent,and the effect of different factors on the wet leaching efficiency of valuable metals was investigated.Meanwhile,the sol-gel method was utilized to re-synthesized LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_(2).And the re-synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and electrochemical tests.The results showed that the wet leaching efficiency of the valuable metals Li,Ni,Co and Mn was reached 97.5%at the conditions of the malic acid concentration of 2.5 mol/L,the solid-liquid ratio of 120 g/L,the synthesized time of 80 min,the synthesized temperature of 90℃,and the H_(2)O_(2)amount of 10 vol%.The re-synthesized materials also shows a good crystallization property.After 100 cycles of charge and discharge at 1 C,the specific capacity is 103.4 mAh/g,the capacity retention rate is 85.5%,and the capacity recovery rate is 92.32%after rate charge and discharge.

关 键 词：废旧锂电池 正极材料 回收再利用 苹果酸 湿法浸出 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]