某工程机械的减振降噪研究  

A Study on Vibration and Noise Reduction of a Construction Machinery

作　　者：刘畅 陈振雷 阎荣磊 LIU Chang;CHEN Zhenlei;YAN Ronglei(Faculty of Maritime and Transportation,Ningbo University,Ningbo Zhejiang 315832,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海运学院,浙江宁波315832

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2023年第4期102-107,123,共7页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：浙江省公益技术研究计划项目(LGG22E0800201)。

摘　　要：针对某工程机械存在振动和噪声突出的问题,结合实验测试和仿真模拟,对其减振和降噪性能进行分析与优化。通过分析振动加速度频谱探究振动过大的原因,并利用模态分析实现故障再现,据此对机械结构进行优化设计及试验验证;通过对机械的现场测试和耳旁噪声源分析,探究噪声过高的原因,并据此对不同噪声源提出优化方案,进行对应的仿真和试验验证。结果表明:振动放大问题是由于驾驶室底板与发动机的激振频率发生共振所致,通过结构优化规避了这一现象,优化后的振动传递率已满足要求;对于噪声过高问题,通过针对性的噪声源分析及优化降低了操纵室内噪声,使该工程机械的舒适性得到了明显改善。Aiming at the problem of prominent vibration and noise in a construction machinery,the vibration and noise reduction performance is analyzed and optimized by combining test data analysis and computer simulation.By analyzing the vibration acceleration spectrogram,the reasons of excessive vibration are explored.The corresponding failure mode is reproduced by modal analysis.Accordingly,the mechanical structure is optimized and verified by experiments.Through the field test of the machinery and the analysis of the noise source by ear,the causes of excessive noise are explored.Accordingly,the optimization scheme of different noise sources is proposed,and the corresponding simulation and test verification are carried out.The results show that the vibration amplification issue is due to the resonance of the excitation frequency between the cab floor and the engine.The resonance issue could be eliminated by structural optimization,and the vibration transmission rate in the optimized cab has met the requirements.Finally,for the issue of excessive noise,the noise in the operating room is reduced through targeted noise source analysis and optimization,so that the comfort of the construction machinery has been significantly improved.

关 键 词：减振降噪 振动和噪声测试 模态分析 噪声源分析 优化设计 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]