吉木乃高山冰缘区国家湿地公园种子植物区系特点  

The Floristic Characteristics of Spermatophyta in the National Wetland Park of Jimenai Alpine Ice Margin Area

作　　者：刘茂秀 任伟 李明昆 Liu Maoxiu;Ren Wei;Li Mingkun(Research Institute of Afforestation and Sand Control,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Science,Urumqi 830046,China;Xinjiang Tarim Poplus Riparian Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Urumqi 830046,China;Xinjiang Forestry School,Urumqi 830026,China;Hetian Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Hetian 848000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆林科院造林治沙研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆塔里木河胡杨林生态系统定位观测研究站,新疆乌鲁木齐8300463 [3]新疆林业学校,新疆乌鲁木齐830024 [4]和田地区林业和草原局,新疆和田848000

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2023年第9期88-94,共7页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：自治区科研机构创新发展专项资金(2016D04003);自治区财政专业资金(XJLYKJ-2023-27)。

摘　　要：目的:为探明吉木乃高山冰缘区湿地公园的种子植物区系,从科、属的角度解析该区系的组成和特征。方法:通过野外实地考察和标本资料并结合相关文献资料的整理分析,确定吉木乃高山冰缘区国家湿地公园种子植物区系特点。结果:(1)湿地公园现有种子植物202种,隶属127属39科,其中裸子植物1科1属1种。被子植物中,单子叶植物5科16属20种,双子叶植物35科110属181种。双子叶植物占据绝对优势,其次是单子叶植物,特有种属缺乏。(2)从植物生活型与生态型分析,湿地公园植被生长型为草本植物占据绝对优势,比例高达87.13%,木本植物只有1种。生活型主要为多年生植物,具有内湿生、中生占比很大和旱生植被占比较小而水生植物较少的特点。(3)研究区域内种子植物地理成分比较多源,处于绝对优势的是北温带分布植物。种子植物组成在起源和演化上与周围相邻山区存具有相似性,但在各科植物成分占比上又有差异。结论:湿地公园与周围相邻山区相比有不尽相同的环境条件,需加强保护来维持冰缘湿地公园生态系统平衡与稳定。Objective:In this paper,the floristic characteristics of spermatophyte in the National Wetland Park of Jimenai Alpine Ice Margin Area were studied.Methods:The wetland park wasformed by the melt‐ing of snow and ice in Saeror Mountains in Altay region of Xinjiang.Results:According to the investiga‐tion,there are 202 species of seed plants in the park,belonging to 39 families and 127 genera,among which gymnosperms belong to 1 family,1 genus and 1 species.Among angiosperms,there are 20 species of monocotyledons,16 genera and 5 families,and 181 species of dicotyledons,110 genera and 35 fami‐lies.Dicotyledons were the dominant plants,followed by monocotyledons.Lack of endemic species;From the analysis of plant life type and ecological type,the vegetation growing type of wetland park is her‐baceous plants,accounting for 87.13%,and only one woody plant.The life type is mainly perennial plants,which has the characteristics of large proportion of internal wet plants and medium plants,small proportion of xerophyte and less aquatic plants.The geographical components of spermatophyte in the park are more diverse,but the dominant ones are temperate plants,and the Temperate plants are mainly in the north temperate zone,followed by the temperate plants in the world and the old world.Conclusion:In terms of origin and evolution,the composition of spermatophyte in wetland park is similar to that of neighboring mountain areas,but there are differences in the proportion of plant components in different families,which indicates that wetland park has different environmental conditions compared with neigh‐boring mountain areas,and it is necessary to strengthen protection to maintain the balance and stability of the ecological system.

关 键 词：高山冰缘区 湿地公园 植物区系 

分 类 号：Q949.4[生物学—植物学]