语言国情调查的基本类型与体系构成  

The Basic Types of Surveys on the National Language Situations and the Construction of the System of the Surveys on the National Language Situations

作　　者：张振达 李宇明[3] ZHANG Zhenda;LI Yuming(Institute of Applied Linguistics,Ministry of Education of China,Beijing 100010,China;School of Literature,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100089,China;Beljing Advanced Innovation Center for Language Resources,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 101000,China)

机构地区：[1]教育部语言文字应用研究所,北京100010 [2]首都师范大学文学院,北京100089 [3]北京语言大学语言资源高精尖创新中心,北京101000

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期35-44,共10页Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“‘两个一百年’背景下的语言国情调查与语言规划研究”(21&ZD289);中外语言交流合作中心2022年国际中文教育研究课题“世界主要国家语言国际传播政策法规研究”(22YH71D)。

摘　　要：语言国情调查是语言决策的基础,在语言规划中发挥着重要功能。文章在分析国内外语言调查案例的基础上,对语言国情调查的目标、内容、体系以及调查方案等基本问题作了讨论;概括了国内外语言国情调查的4种基本类型:人口普查中的语言调查、大规模语言专项调查、标准化语言评估以及专题性语言调研;并根据语言调查数据的分类,尝试构建语言国情调查的层级体系。Surveys on the national language situations are the basis for language decision-making and play an important role in language planning.Based on the analysis of language survey cases at home and abroad,this paper discusses the basic issues of surveys on the national language situations,including the objectives,the content,the system,and survey programs,and classifies the surveys into four types:language surveys in the national censuses,large-scale special language surveys,standardized language assessments,and thematic language researches.The paper also attempts to construct a multi-level system of the surveys on the national language situations according to the categories of language survey data.

关 键 词：语言国情 语言国情调查 语言数据 语言政策与规划 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]