第三次分配视角下慈善法的模式转型与立法因应  

Model Transformation and Legislative Response of the Charity Law in the Perspective of the Third Distribution

作　　者：冯彦君[1] 顾男飞 FENG Yanjun;GU Nanfei(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期108-117,共10页Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“当代中国新兴权利生成机制研究”(22AFX002);吉林大学学术名家自由探索计划项目“劳动法学研究的方法论主张”(2019FRMJ04)。

摘　　要：分配制度作为社会主义基本经济制度的重要构成,是实现共同富裕目标的制度保障。由于初次分配受限于市场失灵、再分配受限于政府失灵,财富分配的公正性及理想态难以通过两次分配完全达致,以慈善为核心机制的第三次分配因而备受关注和期许,但其在实践中也面临诸多的现实阻碍。为有效落实《慈善法》中“共享发展成果”的立法目标,应明晰其定位,转变扶贫济困的传统模式,确立高效分配的现代模式,落实公平要求。同时为发挥慈善法调整财富分配的作用,应转变强者行善的传统认知,有效扩展慈善的参与主体;完善慈善促进规则,并调整法律责任制度以增强监管力度;调适《慈善法》引导方向,促进资源更多向生产性和发展性领域投入,彰显第三次分配的可持续性和效率性。As an important component of the basic socialist economic system,the distribution system is the institutional guarantee for realizing the goal of the shared prosperity.As the initial distribution is limited possibly by market failure and redistribution is limited possibly by government failure,the fairness and ideal state of wealth distribution can hardly be fully achieved through two distributions,so the third distribution with charity as the core mechanism has attracted a lot of attention and expectation.However,the third distribution is also facing a lot of practical obstacles.To effectively implement the legislative goal of“sharing the fruits of development”in the Charity Law,it is necessary to clarify the positioning of this law,transform the traditional model of helping the poor and the needy,and establish the modern model of efficient distribution to realize the goal of fairness.Meanwhile,in order to make the Charity Law play a good role in adjusting the distribution of wealth,it is necessary to change the traditional cognition that the strongest do charity,and effectively expand the major charity participants,improve the rules of charity promotion and adjust the legal liability system to enhance the supervision,and adjust the guiding orientation of the Charity Law to promote the investment of resources in productive and developmental fields so as to highlight the sustainability and efficiency of the third distribution.

关 键 词：慈善法 模式转型 立法因应 第三次分配 共同富裕 

分 类 号：D912.29[政治法律—民商法学]