鄱阳湖流域河流营养元素和重金属来源及健康风险评价  

Nutrients and sources of heavy metals in rivers of Poyang Lake Basin and their health risk assessment

作　　者：赵兰芝 郭晓娟 唐春[2] 戴云龙 黄诚[2] ZHAO Lanzhi;GUO Xiaojuan;TANG Chun;DAI Yunlong;HUANG Cheng(China Railway Water Conservancy&Hydropower Planning and Design Group Co.,Ltd,Nanchang 330029,China;School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁水利水电规划设计集团有限公司,江西南昌330029 [2]南昌工程学院水利与生态工程学院,江西南昌330099

出　　处：《南昌工程学院学报》2023年第4期21-27,共7页Journal of Nanchang Institute of Technology

基　　金：江西省水利厅科技项目(202123YBKT10);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20171BAB213027)。

摘　　要：本文对在鄱阳湖流域赣江、抚河、信江、饶河、修河采集的678个河水样品进行了测定分析。结果表明,流域内河流水体存在总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)超标现象,高于Ⅲ类地表水标准。水体重金属浓度由大到小顺序为铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铬(Cr)、砷(As),均优于Ⅲ类地表水标准。主成分和相关性分析显示NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP和Cr主要来源于农业和市政活动;As主要来源于自然风化;Cu和Zn主要来源于矿业开采和金属冶炼等工业活动,部分来源于农业和市政。5条河流水质总体达到优良,水质指数(WQI)平均值均小于50。成人和儿童的非致癌健康风险指数(HI值)均小于1,表明非致癌健康风险均在可接受范围内。成人和儿童的致癌健康风险指数(CR值)均低于最大可接受风险水平(1×10^(-4)),表明流域内河流不存在人体致癌性风险。A total of 678 river water samples collected from Fuhe River,Raohe River,Xiuhe River,Xinjiang River and Ganjiang River in Poyang Lake Basin were analyzed.The results show that excessive amounts of total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)and ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)exist in rivers,exceeding the standard of Class III surface water in China.The average concentrations of heavy metals from the highest to the lowest follow the order of Cu,Zn,Cr,As,which met the Class III standard of surface water in China.Principal component analysis and correlation analysis indicate that NH_(4)^(+)-N,TN,TP and Cr mainly originated from agricultural activities and municipal discharges,and As was mainly related to the natural weathering.Cu and Zn primarily originate from the industrial discharges from mining activities and metal smelting,mixed with agricultural activities and municipal discharges.Water quality and health risk assessment suggest that the good water quality in five rivers with the average WQI values lower than 50.The HI values for both adults and children were within the safe limit(<1.0),indicating no adverse health effects on the human body via daily oral intake and dermal absorption.The CR values for both adults and children were lower than the maximum allowance levels of 1.0×10^(-4),which implied no carcinogenic risk in rivers of the Poyang Lake Basin.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖流域 营养元素 重金属 健康风险评价 来源分析 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]