基于小波分析的动车组牵引逆变器故障诊断研究  

Research on Fault Diagnosis of EMU Traction Inverter Based on Wavelet Analysis

作　　者：贾建坤 JIA Jiankun(Academic Exchange and Science Popularization Department,China Railway Society,Beijing 100844,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道学会学术交流与科普部,北京100844

出　　处：《中国铁路》2023年第8期117-125,共9页China Railway

摘　　要：牵引逆变器作为动车组电力牵引传动系统实现能量转化的重要部件,其工作性能直接影响动车组运行安全。因此,对动车组牵引逆变器进行故障诊断研究具有重大意义。针对牵引逆变器在不同故障模式下电流输出波形变化小、故障检测难等问题,提出基于小波分析的动车组逆变器功率回路故障检测方法:分析逆变器关键部件IGBT的故障机理,基于MAT⁃LAB/Simulink平台进行故障仿真,得到IGBT在各种开路故障模式下的输出波形;利用小波分析对其波形进行分解,对混有噪声的信号进行小波对称变换,观察突变信号的位置,判定故障发生原因;选取小波分解后的三相电流低频能量值和比例系数P进行故障定位,实现故障诊断。Traction inverter is an important component of EMU electric traction drive system to realize energy conversion,and its working performance directly affects the operation safety of EMU.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the fault diagnosis of EMU traction inverter.In view of the problems such as small change in current output waveform and difficulty in fault detection of traction inverter under different fault modes,a fault detection method for EMU inverter power circuit based on wavelet analysis is proposed.This paper analyzes the fault mechanism of IGBT,a key component of the inverter,and carries out fault simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink platform to obtain the output waveform of IGBT under various open-circuit fault modes;then the wavelet analysis is used to decompose its waveform,and the wavelet symmetric transformation is carried out on signals mixed with noise.The position of sudden change signal is observed to determine the cause of faults;the low-frequency energy value of three-phase current and the proportional coefficient P after wavelet decomposition are selected for fault location and fault diagnosis.

关 键 词：动车组 两电平逆变器 小波分析 故障诊断 功率回路 

分 类 号：U264.37[机械工程—车辆工程]