基于热态特性仿真的龙门铣床主轴系统热关键点选择方法  

Thermal key points selection method of a gantry milling machine spindle system based on thermal characteristics simulation

作　　者：李殿新 黄鹏[2] 冯平法[3] LI Dianxin;HUANG Peng;FENG Pingfa(School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,CHN;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guangxi Modern Polytechnic College,Hechi 547000,CHN;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,CHN)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院机械工程学院,北京102617 [2]广西现代职业技术学院机电工程学院,广西河池547000 [3]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2023年第10期177-183,共7页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：北京石油化工学院致远科研基金(2023003);北京石油化工学院交叉科研探索项目(BIPTCSF-017)。

摘　　要：数控机床主轴系统热误差建模的难点之一,是使用少量的热关键点建立热误差的精确模型。文章以一台龙门铣床为研究对象,首先通过有限元法仿真分析了机床主轴系统的温度场、热应力、热模态和热变形,根据仿真结果在主轴系统上选择了3个热关键点;然后试验测量了热关键点的温度变化和主轴系统沿x、y、z向的热变形;最后通过多元线性回归模型建立了主轴系统的热误差模型。结果表明:x、y、z向热误差模型的拟合精度都超过95%,证明了文章主轴系统热关键点选择方法的正确性。Using a small number of thermal key points to build an accurate model of thermal errors has been one of the difficulties in modeling thermal errors in CNC machine tool spindle systems.Taking a gantry milling machine as the research object,this paper analyzed the temperature field,thermal stress,thermal mode and thermal deformation of the machine tool spindle system by finite element simulation method,and three thermal key points were selected on the spindle system according to the simulation results.Then,the temperature change of the thermal key points and the thermal deformation of the spindle system along x,y and z directions were measured experimentally.Finally,the thermal errors of the spindle system were established by multiple linear regression model.The results show that the fitting accuracy of the thermal error models in all three directions exceeds 95%,which proves the effectiveness of the thermal key point selection method in this paper.

关 键 词：主轴系统 热误差 温度场 热变形 热模态 

分 类 号：TG65[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]