2017—2022年云南省常见螺类广州管圆线虫感染情况调查  

Survey on Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in common snails in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2022

作　　者：张娟 陶洪[1] 李彦忠[1] 王婷婷 杨晶晶 向以斌[1] 陈奕杉 周晓梅[1] ZHANG Juan;TAO Hong;LI Yanzhong;WANG Tingting;YANG Jingjing;XIANG Yibin;CHEN Yishan;ZHOU Xiaomei(Yunnan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming 650034,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心,昆明650034

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2023年第4期464-469,475,共7页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解云南省部分地区螺类中广州管圆线虫的感染状况和特点。方法2017—2022年每年4—10月,在云南省16个州(市)的县(区)采集鲜活螺,包括公共场所、野外环境采集和农贸市场、餐饮店销售的螺类等,每份螺样1 kg左右,采用酶消化法在光学显微镜下观察可疑幼虫并鉴定虫种,检测广州管圆线虫Ⅲ期幼虫。结果2017—2022年共采集检测螺类2402份,广州管圆线虫阳性217份,总阳性率为9.03%。不同年份采集螺的阳性率大致呈逐年下降的趋势,阳性率以2018年最高(15.05%),2022年最低(3.36%)(χ^(2)=55.427,P<0.01)。不同螺类中,褐云玛瑙螺的阳性率最高,达47.06%(88/187),其次为福寿螺(7.89%,50/634),环棱螺和中华圆田螺分别为4.57%(54/1181)和6.25%(25/400)(χ^(2)=362.406,P<0.01)。除怒江州外,全省15个州(市)螺样均检出广州管圆线虫,其中红河州采集到的螺样广州管圆线虫阳性率最高,为19.75%(63/319),其他依次为西双版纳州(19.69%,51/259)、普洱市(9.52%,12/126)、玉溪市(9.09%,16/176)等(χ^(2)=123.135,P<0.01)。不同采样环境中,公园等公共场所的螺样阳性率最高,为33.33%(28/84),田边、河沟等野外环境的螺样阳性率为17.61%(50/284),农贸市场的螺样阳性率为6.94%(130/1872),餐饮店的螺样阳性率为5.56%(9/162)(χ^(2)=98.076,P<0.01)。不同月份采集的螺样中,广州管圆线虫的阳性率以6月份最高,为50.00%(14/28);5月份最低,为4.36%(18/413)(χ^(2)=117.157,P<0.01)。结论云南省野外采集和市售鲜活螺中存在广州管圆线虫感染,其中褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺阳性率较高。Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in snails in parts of Yunnan Province.Methods Fresh snails were collected in the counties(districts)of 16 prefectures(cities)in Yunnan Province from public places,wild environment,farmers'markets,and the food material sold in restaurants,during April to October every year in 2017—2022.Each snail sample weights approximately 1 kg.Suspected larvae were observed and identified for species under optical microscope by enzyme digestion method,and the third-stage larvae of A.cantonensis were detected.Results A total of 2402 samples of snails were collected and examined from 2017 to 2022,among them,217 samples were found positive,with a total positive rate of 9.03%.The positive rate of snails collected in different years showed a decreasing trend year by year.The highest positive rate was seen in 2018(15.05%)and the lowest rate was seen in 2022(3.36%)(χ^(2)=55.427,P<0.01).Among different snails,the Achatina folia infection rate was the highest,reaching 47.06%(88/187),followed by Pomacea canaliculata(7.89%,50/634),the infection rates in Bellamya aeruginosa and Cipangopaludina cahayensis were 4.57%(54/1181)and 6.25%(25/400),respectively(χ^(2)=362.406,P<0.01).A.cantonensis was detected in snail samples from 15 cities in the province except for Nujiang prefecture,and the positive rate of A.cantonensis in samples collected from Honghe prefecture was the highest,with 19.75%(63/319),followed by Xishuangbanna(19.69%,51/259),Pu'er(9.52%,12/126),Yuxi(9.09%,16/176),etc(χ^(2)=123.135,P<0.01).In different sampling environments,the snail-positive rate was the highest in public places such as parks,which was 33.33%(28/84),in field environments such as fields and rivers,which was 17.61%(50/284),in farmers'markets,which was 6.94%(130/1872),and in restaurants,which was 5.56(χ^(2)=98.076,P<0.01).Among the snail samples collected in different months,the A.cantonensis positive rate was the highest in June,accounting for 50.00%(14/28).Th

关 键 词：广州管圆线虫 螺 阳性率 调查分析 云南 

分 类 号：R383.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]