生物质原料特性引起的非均相催化剂失活及缓解方法研究进展  

Research Progress on Heterogeneous Catalyst Deactivation Caused by Biomass Feedstock Characteristics and Mitigation Methods

作　　者：翁榆芳 吕源财[1] 刘以凡[1] 林春香[1] 叶晓霞[1] 刘明华[1,2] WENG Yufang;LU Yuancai;LIU Yifan;LIN Chunxiang;YE Xiaoxia;LIU Minghua(College of Environment and Safety Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China;College of Environmental and Biological Engineering,Putian University,Putian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与安全工程学院,福建福州350108 [2]莆田学院环境与生物工程学院,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期50-68,共19页Journal of Fujian Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22278082)。

摘　　要：利用生物质生产生物燃料或高附加值化学品是生产替代化石产品最有前途的方法之一.当前生物质的利用率较低.催化技术的进步在提高生物质转化技术的竞争力方面起着核心作用,但催化剂的稳定性仍是亟须解决的重大难题之一.与传统的化石燃料相比,生物质转化过程受到了生物质原料特性的制约,导致催化剂以不同的方式失活.对近年来生物质转化过程的热催化领域中催化剂失活及缓解失活方法进行了综述,重点介绍了由生物质原料特性而引起的非均相催化剂失活机制,从催化剂的水热失活、积炭失活和中毒失活等方面进行详细阐述,并提出了一些有效缓解催化剂失活及再生催化剂的措施.最后在总结全文的基础上对该领域的发展方向进行了前瞻性的展望,以期为更合理地设计催化剂和生物质转化工艺提供理论依据.Utilizing biomass to produce biofuels or high-value chemicals is one of the most promising methods to replace fossil-based products.However,the current utilization of biomass remains relatively limited.Advances in catalytic technology play a pivotal role in enhancing the competitiveness of biomass conversion technologies.Nonetheless,the stability of the catalyst remains a major challenge that needs to be addressed urgently.Compared to conventional processing of fossil fuels,biomass conversion processes are largely constrained by the characteristics of biomass feedstocks,resulting in diverse catalyst deactivation pathways.This paper reviews studies on catalyst deactivation and catalyst mitigation methods in the field of thermo-catalytic biomass conversion in recent years,focusing on the deactivation mechanisms of heterogeneous catalysts caused by biomass feedstock characteristics,which involves hydrothermal deactivation,carbon deposition deactivation and poisoning deactivation of the catalysts.Furthermore,this paper proposes effective strategies to retard catalyst deactivation and facilitate catalyst regeneration.Finally,based on summarizing the whole work,a prospective vision on the development direction in this field is presented,which will provide a theoretical basis to a more rational design of catalysts and biomass conversion processes.

关 键 词：生物质 非均相催化剂 催化剂失活 失活缓解 机理 

分 类 号：X7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]