日本重振蓄电池产业竞争力的路径探析——基于对新版《蓄电池产业战略》的解读  

Exploring the Path of Revitalizing the Competitiveness of Japan's Battery Industry:Based on the Latest Battery Industry Strategy

作　　者：刘红[1] 郑晨笛 LIU Hong;ZHENG Chendi(School of International Economics and International Relations,Liaoning University,Shenyang,Liaoning,110036,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学国际经济政治学院,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《现代日本经济》2023年第5期65-80,共16页Contemporary Economy OF Japan

基　　金：2023年度辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(重点攻关项目)“日本新一轮蓄电池产业战略调整对中国蓄电池产业发展的影响及中国对策”(LJKZR20230009);国家社会科学基金重大项目“新形势下全球价值链重构对国际经济权力转移的影响及中国应对策略研究”(20&ZDl43)。

摘　　要：日本蓄电池产业曾在20世纪末处于发展高峰,其后受中韩电池企业快速崛起、新能源汽车发展路线选择偏差、前沿技术供给与市场需求结合不足、蓄电池供应链脆弱性增高、政策扶持力度有限等因素影响,蓄电池产业竞争力呈现持续下降态势。为扭转这一态势,日本政府于2022年8月出台了新版《蓄电池产业战略》,该战略旨在通过提升国内制造基础和国际影响力、激发国内市场需求、强化科技创新与人才培养、确保供应链稳定与安全、完善蓄电池制造和利用环境等路径重振日本蓄电池产业竞争力。战略出台后,尽管政府的大力支持与企业的积极回应为日本重振蓄电池产业竞争力提供了良好的支撑,但要实现既定的战略目标,还取决于其全固态电池技术产业化的推进速度、增加蓄电池制造设备的供给能力、以及应对蓄电池领域激烈国际竞争的能力等,若这些制约因素得以克服,日本有望重新获得部分失去的市场份额,否则其竞争力的提升效果将较为有限。The Japanese battery industry was at the peak of development at the end of the 20th century,but was later affected by the rapid rise of battery companies in China and South Korea,deviations in the selection of new energy vehicle development routes,insufficient integration of technology supply and market demand,increased vulnerability of the battery supply chain,and limited policy support.Affected by various factors,the competitiveness of the battery industry continues to decline.In order to reverse this trend,the Japanese government issued a new version of the Battery Industry Strategy in August 2022.The strategy aims to revitalize the competitiveness of the Japanese battery industry by improving the domestic manufacturing base and international influence,stimulating domestic market demand,strengthening technological innovation and personnel training,ensuring the stability and safety of the supply chain,and improving the battery manufacturing and utilization environment.After the introduction of the strategy,although the strong support of the government and the positive response of enterprises have provided good support for Japan to revive the competitiveness of the battery industry,the realization of the established strategic goals also depends on the speed of industrialization of its all-solid-state battery technology,increase the supply capacity of battery manufacturing equipment and the ability to cope with fierce international competition in the battery field.If these constraints can be overcome,Japan is expected to regain some of the lost market share,otherwise its competitiveness will be limited.

关 键 词：日本 蓄电池产业 产业竞争力 碳中和 供应链 

分 类 号：F133.13[经济管理—世界经济]