国产特高压大吨位悬式瓷绝缘子机电性能提升与工艺优化方法  

Mechanical and Electrical Performance Improvement and Process Optimization of Domestic UHV Large Tonnage Suspension Porcelain Insulator

作　　者：李群 高嵩 杨生哲 胡秦然 姜乃松 吴在军[2] Li Qun;Gao Song;Yang Shengzhe;Hu Qinran;Jiang Naisong;Wu Zaijun(State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company Research Institute,Nanjing 211103 China;School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University,Nanjing 211189 China)

机构地区：[1]国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,南京211103 [2]东南大学电气工程学院,南京211189

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第19期5304-5315,共12页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

摘　　要：随着特高压输变电项目的不断建设,绝缘子的使用数量急剧增长。绝缘子作为输电线路上不可或缺的关键部件,起着防止电流回地和支撑导线的重要作用,直接影响着输电线路的安全稳定性。近年来,特高压工程中出现的多起瓷绝缘子头部断裂事故表明,在绝缘子头部结构、材料等方面的设计仍存在盲区,未能充分考虑特高压大吨位瓷绝缘子的外部使用条件。对此,该文对特高压大吨位瓷绝缘子可靠性进行了研究。首先,通过有限元分析软件Ansys对特高压大吨位悬式绝缘子进行了力学特性分析和头部电场强度计算,对头部结构进行了优化设计;然后,对绝缘子的胚料配方和头部釉配方进行了优化;并在此基础上,通过大量试验,对绝缘子的多项生产工艺进行了改进;最终得到了低质量、低投入、高性能的特高压大吨位悬式瓷绝缘子。试验结果表明,改型后的绝缘子机电破坏性能可提升16.5%左右。The comprehensive construction of ultra-high voltage projects require the guarantee of ultra-high voltage large-tonnage insulators.However,with the increase of service life,domestic ultra-high voltage and large tonnage insulators of 400 kN in operation frequently experience deterioration.In recent years,multiple incidents of porcelain insulator head breakage in ultra-high voltage AC and DC projects have shown that there are still blind spots in the design of insulator head structure,materials,and other aspects.Therefore,in response to the deterioration problem of ultra-high voltage insulators,this paper proposes improvement measures from three aspects:insulator head structure,insulator preform formula,and insulator production process to enhance their electromechanical performance.Firstly,the finite element analysis software Ansys was used to analyze the mechanical characteristics and maximum field strength of the head of ultra-high voltage large tonnage suspension porcelain insulators.Based on the equilibrium equation,geometric equation,and constitutive equation of the insulator model,this paper derived the mechanical distribution and deformation of insulators under mechanical stress.The optimal structural parameters for the head of ultra-high voltage and large-tonnage porcelain insulators were determined by observing the variation trend of stress at the most easily fractured part of the insulator with the wall thickness,top thickness,and sand height of the insulator head.By jointly solving Maxwell's equations and partial differential equations of the electric field,the distribution of the field strength at the insulator head was obtained,and the trend of the maximum field strength at the insulator head changing with the wall thickness,top thickness,outer angle,inner angle,and sand height of the insulator head was obtained.Secondly,this article has optimized and adjusted the formula of insulator preform and head glaze.By controlling the particle size in the raw material for insulator preparation,the adverse effec

关 键 词：特高压大吨位绝缘子 有限元分析 胚料配方 头部釉配方 生产工艺 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]