不同种类原料粉碎粒度对饲料品质、肉鸡能量利用的影响  

Effects of Particle Size of Different Feed Materials on Feed Quality,Energy Metabolism of Broilers

作　　者：陈思淼 闫晓刚[1] 班志彬[1] 徐莹 赵晓东[1] 梁浩[1] 曹满湖[3] CHEN Simiao;YAN Xiaogang;BAN Zhibin;XU Ying;ZHAO Xiaodong;LIANG Hao;CAO Manhu(Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jilin Gongzhuling 136100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Jilin Changchun 130118,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院动物营养与饲料研究所,吉林公主岭136100 [2]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118 [3]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第19期40-47,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：吉林省农业科学院创新工程项目[CXGC202107GH];家禽能量营养联合研究中心横向委托项目[PENC2021001];国家重点研发计划猪禽饲料营养价值精准评定项目[2021YFD1300200]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究玉米、豆粕的粉碎粒度对饲料品质及不同日龄阶段肉鸡生长性能和能量代谢的影响。试验分为两部分,均采用单因素完全随机试验设计。试验饲粮分为玉米、豆粕型两种,玉米型日粮是将玉米分别通过1、2、3 mm粉碎筛片进行粉碎,其他大片原料通过2 mm粉碎筛片;豆粕型日粮是将豆粕分别通过1、2、3 mm粉碎筛片进行粉碎,其他大片原料通过2 mm粉碎筛片。试验选取11日龄肉鸡288只、24日龄肉鸡192只,每个日龄分为6组,前3组用于玉米粉碎粒度试验,后3组用于豆粕粉碎粒度试验,每组8个重复,每个重复4(大日龄)或6(小日龄)只鸡。试验期为6 d(预试期3 d、正试期3 d)。结果表明:(1)玉米、豆粕的几何平均粒径均随筛片孔径增加而增加;相同粉碎筛片孔径下,豆粕的几何平均粒径均大于玉米;玉米的几何平均粒径与筛片孔径存在线性关系:y=90x+359.33(P<0.001,R2=0.983),豆粕的几何平均粒径与筛片孔径存在线性关系:y=110x+359.00(P<0.001,R^(2)=0.990);颗粒饲料硬度随粉碎粒度增加而显著降低(P<0.05)。(2)玉米、豆粕不同粉碎粒度对试验鸡的能量代谢无显著影响。(3)肉鸡11~16日龄时,豆粕组在3 mm粉碎筛片孔径下平均日采食量显著高于1 mm时(P<0.05),玉米、豆粕组都是3 mm粉碎筛片孔径下料重比最低(P<0.05);肉鸡24~29日龄时,玉米及豆粕粉碎粒度对肉鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,粉碎粒度对饲料品质有显著影响,粉碎粒度对11~16日龄肉鸡的生长性能影响比24~29日龄更为显著,推荐粉碎筛片孔径为3 mm,即玉米、豆粕平均几何粒径分别为638、681μm。An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of corn and soybean meal with diffrent particle size on feed quality,energy metabolism and growth performance of broilers at different days of age.288 broilers at 11-day-old and 192 broilers at 24-day-old were divided into six groups per day.The first three groups were used for corn particle size test,and the last three groups were used for soybean meal test.Each group had 8 replicates,and each replicate had four(24-day-old)or six(11-day-old)per replicate.The experimental diets were divided into corn and soybean meal groups.Corn in the corn group was crushed through 1 mm,2 mm and 3 mm grinding sieve,and other large feed materials were crushed through 2 mm grinding sieve,which was the same in the soybean meal group.The experiment lasted for six days(three days in pre and three days in post-tial).The results showed as follows:①the logarithmic geometric mean particle size of corn and soybean meal increased with increasing sieve size;the logarithmic geometric mean particle size of soybean meal was larger than that of corn under the same pulverized sieve.There was a linear relationship between the geometric mean particle size of corn and the screen aperture:y=90x+359.33(P<0.001,R2=0.983),and there was a linear relationship between the geometric mean particle size of soybean meal and the screen aperture:y=110x+359.00(P<0.001,R2=0.990);the hardness of pelleted feed was significantly reduced with the increase of particle size(P<0.05).②Different grinding sizes of corn and soybean meal had no significant effect on energy metabolism of broilers at the metabolizable energy level.③From day 11 to 16,the FI under 3 mm grinding sieve in soybean meal group was significantly higher than that under 1 mm grinding sieve(P<0.05),and FCR was the lowest of 3 mm grinding sieve in corn and soybean meal groups.From day 24 to 29,FI,ADG,FCR were not affected by grinding sieve.As a conclusion,the particle size has a significant effect on the feed quality,the effect of particle size o

关 键 词：粉碎粒度 饲料品质 能量代谢 生长性能 肉鸡 

分 类 号：S816.9[农业科学—饲料科学]